ArticleNutrients2021
Breakfast: A Crucial Meal for Adolescents' Cognitive Performance According to Their Nutritional Status. The Cogni-Action Project.
Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of exercise interventions, alone or in combination with dietary modifications, on working memory in overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review.European journal of sport science · 2024Pooled it
- A latent class analysis of Mediterranean diet adherence and positive and negative affect in adolescents.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Effects of gender differences and lifestyle factors on depression among Chinese children and adolescents.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Effect of diet on cognition, mental health and wellbeing among adolescents: protocol for a systematic review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Breakfast frequency, lifestyle-related factors and their association with body weight status among Polish primary school children aged 10 to 12 years: results from a nationwide cross-sectional study.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with Cognitive Function in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring Sedentary and Nutritional Behaviour Patterns in Relation to Overweight and Obesity Among Youth from Different Demographic Backgrounds in Saudi Arabia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Intake of fruits and vegetables (FAVs) on cognitive functions among adolescents and young adults: a scoping review.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Article
- Is the frequency of breakfast consumption associated with life satisfaction in children and adolescents? A cross-sectional study with 154,151 participants from 42 countries.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Substantial parallel mediation contribution by cognitive domains in the relationship between adolescents' physical fitness and academic achievements: the Cogni-Action Project.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Association between breakfast patterns and executive function among adolescents in Shanghai, China.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Skipping breakfast is associated to inadequate nutrient intakes among Tunisian children: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- The Impact of Free Sugar on Human Health-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Effect of fasting on short-term visual plasticity in adult humans.The European journal of neuroscience · 2023Article
- Physical fitness mediates the inverse association between fatness indicators and academic achievement, despite the school vulnerability of adolescents-The Cogni-Action Project.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Haemoglobin status to determine nutritional anaemia and its association with breakfast skipping and BMI among nursing undergraduates of Farasan Island, KSA.Journal of nutritional science · 2022Article
- Association Between Eating Habits and Perceived School Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study Among 46,455 Adolescents From 42 Countries.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Selective Attention and Concentration Are Related to Lifestyle in Chilean Schoolchildren.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether pupils who have breakfast just before a cognitive demand, do not regularly skip breakfast, and consume a high-quality breakfast present higher cognitive performance than those who do not; furthermore, to establish differences according to their nutritional status. In this study, 1181 Chilean adolescents aged 10-14 years participated. A global cognitive score was computed through eight tasks, and the body mass index z-score (BMIz) was calculated using a growth reference for school-aged adolescents. The characteristics of breakfast were self-reported. Analyses of covariance were performed to determine differences in cognitive performance according to BMIz groups adjusted to sex, peak height velocity, physical fitness global score, and their schools. A positive association was found in adolescents' cognitive performance when they had breakfast just before cognitive tasks, did not regularly skip breakfast, presented at least two breakfast quality components, and included dairy products. No significant differences were found between breakfast components, including cereal/bread and fruits/fruit juice. Finally, pupils who were overweight/obese who declared that they skipped breakfast regularly presented a lower cognitive performance than their normal-BMIz peers. These findings suggest that adolescents who have breakfast just prior to a cognitive demand and regularly have a high quality breakfast have better cognitive performance than those who do not. Educative nutritional strategies should be prioritized, especially in "breakfast skippers" adolescents living with overweight/obesity.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.