ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2021
Persistent fontanelles in Chihuahuas. Part II: Association with craniocervical junction abnormalities, syringomyelia, and ventricular volume.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hearing assessment in Pomeranian dogs with and without Chiari-like malformation based on brainstem auditory evoked response wave latencies.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- CT- and MRI-based volumetry for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Holocord syringomyelia in 18 dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- The effect of MRI-based screening and selection on the prevalence of syringomyelia in the Dutch and Danish Cavalier King Charles Spaniels.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Surgical management of primary and idiopathic internal hydrocephalus in dogs and cats.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- CT-based and manual external skull measurements for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians.PloS one · 2024Article
- Persistent fontanelles in Chihuahuas. Part II: Association with craniocervical junction abnormalities, syringomyelia, and ventricular volume.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Exceptional Changes in Skeletal Anatomy under Domestication: The Case of Brachycephaly.Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Association of Extreme Brachycephaly With Persistent Fontanelles in Adult Chihuahuas.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
- Association among raised intraventricular pressure, clinical signs, and magnetic resonance imaging findings in dogs with congenital internal hydrocephalus.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPersistent fontanelles (PFs) are, in Chihuahuas, almost ubiquitous. Furthermore, Chihuahuas are predisposed to other craniomorphological abnormalities, including syringomyelia (SM), ventriculomegaly, and craniocervical junction (CCJ) overcrowding resulting in neural tissue deviation. It is, however, undetermined if PFs are more common in dogs with these structural abnormalities, and their etiology is unknown. HYPOTHESIS/
objectivesPersistent fontanelles are more numerous and larger in Chihuahuas with low body weight, older age, SM, dilated fourth ventricle, ventriculomegaly, and CCJ overcrowding. ANIMALS: Fifty client-owned Chihuahuas.
methodsCross-sectional study evaluating the association of both the number of cranial sutures affected by PFs (NAS) and total fontanelle area (TFA), based on computed tomography with SM, fourth ventricle dilatation, lateral ventricle volume, and extent of neural tissue compression at the CCJ based on magnetic resonance images.
resultsThe NASs was higher and TFA larger in dogs with low body weight (NAS: P = .007; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.384-0.861; TFA: P = .002; 95% CI = -1.91 to -0.478), larger lateral ventricles (NAS: P ≤ .001; 95% CI = 1.04-1.15; TFA: P ≤ .001; 95% CI = 0.099-0.363), and more severe neural tissue compression at the CCJ (NAS: P ≤ .001; 95% CI = 1.26-2.06; TFA: P = .03; 95% CI = 0.066-1.13). Similarly, dogs with SM (NAS: P = .004; 95% CI = 1.26-3.32; TFA: mean ± SD, 130 ± 217 mm CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Persistent fontanelles are associated with small size, SM, ventriculomegaly, and CCJ overcrowding.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.