ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2021
The effect of omega3 fatty acid supplementation on PPARγ and UCP2 expressions, resting energy expenditure, and appetite in athletes.
Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- PPARγ Gene as a Possible Link between Acquired and Congenital Lipodystrophy and its Modulation by Dietary Fatty Acids.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- The research progress and potential applications ofThe British journal of nutrition · 2025Review
- Effects of high-protein concentrates with different rumen undegradable-to-degradable protein ratios on performance and carcass traits in 26-month-slaughtered Hanwoo steers.Animal bioscience · 2025Article
- Effects of Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation During Caloric Restriction on Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- The Many Facets of PPAR-γ Agonism in Obesity and Associated Comorbidities: Benefits, Risks, Challenges, and Future Directions.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- The Role of Hypothalamic Microglia in the Onset of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes: A Neuro-Immune Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Omega-3 polyunsatured fatty acids and physical performance across the lifespan: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength in Adults: A Systematic Review.Clinical nutrition research · 2023Review
- Factors related to hypermetabolism in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Eating more sardines instead of fish oil supplementation: Beyond omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a matrix of nutrients with cardiovascular benefits.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Article
- Serum proteomic analysis reveals the differential dose effects of crocodile oil fromOpen veterinary journalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOmega3 fatty acids as a ligand of energy-related genes, have a role in metabolism, and energy expenditure. These effects are due to changes in the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and uncoupling protein2 (UCP2). This study evaluated the effect of omega3 supplements on PPARγ mRNA expression and UCP2 mRNA expression and protein levels, as regulators of energy metabolism, resting energy expenditure (REE), and appetite in athletes.
methodsIn a 3-week double-blind RCT in Tabriz, Iran, in 2019, 36 male athletes, age 21.86 (±3.15) y with 16.17 (±5.96)% body fat were randomized to either an intervention (2000 mg/day omega3; EPA: 360, DHA: 240) or placebo (2000 mg/day edible paraffin) groups. Appetite and REE were assessed before and after the intervention. PPARγ and UCP2 mRNA expression and UCP2 protein levels in blood were evaluated by standard methods.
resultsResults showed PPARγ mRNA levels, and UCP2 mRNA and protein levels increased in omega3 group (p < 0.05), as did REE (p < 0.05). Also, differences in the sensation of hunger or satiety were significant (p < 0.05).
conclusionsOur findings showed that omega3 supplementation leads to the up-regulation of PPARγ and UCP2 expressions as the indicators of metabolism in healthy athletes.
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