ArticleEMBO reports2021
Interferon-induced degradation of the persistent hepatitis B virus cccDNA form depends on ISG20.
Article in EMBO reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive model for HBsAg clearance rate in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon α-2b for 48 weeks.Hepatology international · 2025Trial
- Review
- A Novel Host-Based Immunotherapy for the Suppression of HBV and HCV Replication: Heat-KilledCells · 2026Article
- Host mature tRNAome as a decoding switch regulates antiviral and proviral responses.Nature communications · 2026Article
- An HBV-Derived Peptide Poly6 as a Novel Candidate for Functional Cure Via IFN-I-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation of cccDNA.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- The APOBEC3 family: a narrative review of an alternative therapeutic agent for hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- Innate immune recognition and evasion strategies of hepatitis B virus: from DNA to RNA and viral proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exonuclease ISG20 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication by inducing an innate immune defense signature.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Predictors of low-level viremia in chronic hepatitis B and the efficacy of pegylated interferon-alpha: a real-world study.Virology journal · 2025Article
- ISG20 RestrictsMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- The Malignant Transformation of Viral Hepatitis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Interventions.MedComm · 2025Review
- Current status of drug therapy for chronic hepatitis B.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- HBV cccDNA: The Molecular Reservoir of Hepatitis B Persistence and Challenges to Achieve Viral Eradication.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Combined therapy with the estrogen receptor ERα and IFNα-2b suppresses HBV replication by inducing GBP1 expression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Targeting HBV cccDNA Levels: Key to Achieving Complete Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Transcriptomics explores potential mechanisms for the development of Primary Sjogren's syndrome to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in B cells.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Hepatitis B cure: Current situation and prospects.World journal of hepatology · 2024Review
- Exosomes target HBV-host interactions to remodel the hepatic immune microenvironment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- An allosteric inhibitor of sirtuin 2 blocks hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA establishment and its transcriptional activity.Antiviral research · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) persists by depositing a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the nucleus of infected cells that cannot be targeted by available antivirals. Interferons can diminish HBV cccDNA via APOBEC3-mediated deamination. Here, we show that overexpression of APOBEC3A alone is not sufficient to reduce HBV cccDNA that requires additional treatment of cells with interferon indicating involvement of an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) in cccDNA degradation. Transcriptome analyses identify ISG20 as the only type I and II interferon-induced, nuclear protein with annotated nuclease activity. ISG20 localizes to nucleoli of interferon-stimulated hepatocytes and is enriched on deoxyuridine-containing single-stranded DNA that mimics transcriptionally active, APOBEC3A-deaminated HBV DNA. ISG20 expression is detected in human livers in acute, self-limiting but not in chronic hepatitis B. ISG20 depletion mitigates the interferon-induced loss of cccDNA, and co-expression with APOBEC3A is sufficient to diminish cccDNA. In conclusion, non-cytolytic HBV cccDNA decline requires the concerted action of a deaminase and a nuclease. Our findings highlight that ISGs may cooperate in their antiviral activity that may be explored for therapeutic targeting.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.