ReviewEye (London, England)2021
Recently updated global diabetic retinopathy screening guidelines: commonalities, differences, and future possibilities.
Review in Eye (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and prospective validation study.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Accuracy of portable artificial intelligence-supported fundus camera in the screening of diabetic retinopathy in primary care.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- OphthoEvidence: a model for rapid and trustworthy ophthalmology guidelines.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- From Science and Technology to Eye-Health Policy: A Review on Global and Asia-Pacific Strategies on the Prevention of Blindness from Retinal Diseases.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Fusion of ConvNeXt-Tiny and Swin-Tiny backbones: a comparative analysis for diabetic retinopathy classification.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- Autonomous AI-driven point-of-care screening for diabetic retinopathy compared to reading center multi-expert clinical review: results from three prospective controlled pivotal validation studies with AEYE-DS in over 1,200 patients.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- An interpretable machine learning model for detecting vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetic retinopathy: a web-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Article
- The march to harmonized imaging standards for retinal imaging.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- Artificial intelligence for early detection of diabetes mellitus complications via retinal imaging.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Exploring patient and health care provider perspectives on barriers to diabetic retinopathy screening in public health facilities in North India.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Nurse-Led Model in Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: An Exploratory Scoping Review of Nurses' Roles and Contributions.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Detection Rate of Diabetic Retinopathy Before and After Implementation of Autonomous AI-based Fundus Photograph Analysis in a Resource-Limited Area in Belize.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Construction of a nomogram for predicting the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of a smartphone-based device (VistaView) for detection of diabetic retinopathy: A prospective study.PLOS digital health · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Systemic Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus for Detecting Diabetic Retinopathy with Random Forest Classification Model.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Health transition and eye care policy planning for people with diabetic retinopathy in south Asia.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Review
- Association between intuitive eating and health outcomes in outpatients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a global health burden. Screening for sight-threatening DR (STDR) is the first cost-effective step to decrease this burden. We analyzed the similarities and variations between the recent country-specific and the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) DR guideline to identify gaps and suggest possible solutions for future universal screening. We selected six representative national DR guidelines, one from each World Health Organization region, including Canada (North America), England (Europe), India (South- East Asia), Kenya (Africa), New Zealand (Western Pacific), and American Academy of Ophthalmology Preferred Practice Pattern (used in Latin America and East Mediterranean). We weighed the newer camera and artificial intelligence (AI) technology against the traditional screening methodologies. All guidelines agree that screening for DR and STDR in people with diabetes is currently led by an ophthalmologist; few engage non-ophthalmologists. Significant variations exist in the screening location and referral timelines. Screening with digital fundus photography has largely replaced traditional slit-lamp examination and ophthalmoscopy. The use of mydriatic digital 2-or 4-field fundus photography is the current norm; there is increasing interest in using non-mydriatic fundus cameras. The use of automated DR grading and tele-screening is currently sparse. Country-specific guidelines are necessary to align with national priorities and human resources. International guidelines such as the ICO DR guidelines remain useful in countries where no guidelines exist. Validation studies on AI and tele-screening call for urgent policy decisions to integrate DR screening into universal health coverage to reduce this global public health burden.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.