ArticleHuman brain mapping2021
Neurocognitive basis of deductive reasoning in children varies with parental education.
Article in Human brain mapping, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Socioeconomic Status Disparities in Children's Cognition-Differences in Degree or Kind?Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Pooled it
- Optimal brain development is context-dependent: How socioeconomic status moderates brain-behavior relationships in cognitive and academic development.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Neurocognitive correlates of spatial thinking mediate the relation between socioeconomic status and STEM achievement.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the Association between Parental Employment Status, Education Level, and Sensory Reactivity in Spanish Children Aged 3-7 Years: Findings from the InProS Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Deductive Reasoning Skills in Children Aged 4-8 Years Old.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
- Influence of parental education on the intelligence quotient profiles and socially adaptive behavior of school-age children with autism spectrum disorder in eastern China.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic Status and Reading Development: Moving from "Deficit" to "Adaptation" in Neurobiological Models of Experience-Dependent Learning.Mind, brain and education : the official journal of the International Mind, Brain, and Education Society · 2023Article
- Genetic predictors of neurocognitive outcomes in survivors of pediatric brain tumors.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- Neurocognitive basis of deductive reasoning in children varies with parental education.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The neurocognitive basis of elementary academic skills varies with parental socioeconomic status (SES). Little is known, however, about SES-related differences underlying higher-order cognitive skills that are critical for school success, such as reasoning. Here we used fMRI to examine how the neurocognitive basis of deductive reasoning varies as a function of parental education in school-aged children. Higher parental education was associated with greater reliance on the left inferior frontal gyrus when solving set-inclusion problems, consistent with other work suggesting that these problems might more heavily rely on verbal systems in the brain. In addition, children who are at the lower end of the parental education continuum, but have higher nonverbal skills relied on right parietal areas to a greater degree than their peers for solving set-inclusion problems. Finally, lower parental education children with higher verbal or nonverbal skill engaged dorsolateral prefrontal regions to a greater degree for set-inclusion and linear-order relations than their peers. These findings suggest that children with lower parental education rely on spatial and cognitive control mechanisms to achieve parity with their peers with parents who have more education. Better understanding variability in the neurocognitive networks that children recruit as a function of their parental factors might benefit future individualized interventions that best match children's characteristics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.