Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33980187›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

The changes in socioeconomic inequalities and inequities in health services utilization among patients with hypertension in Pearl River Delta of China, 2015 and 2019.

Yan Liu, Nan Liu, Mengjiao Cheng, Xin Peng, Junxuan Huang, Jinxiang Ma, Peixi Wang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yan LiuInstitute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
Nan LiuInstitute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
Mengjiao ChengSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Xin PengSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Junxuan HuangSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Jinxiang MaSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. mjx777108@hotmail.com.
Peixi WangInstitute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, Henan, China. peixi001@163.com.ORCID 0000-0001-5177-1479
Guangzhou Medical University · CNHenan University · CN

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81472941National Natural Science Foundation of China 81872584Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province 2016A030313138
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAssessing inequities in health services utilization contributes to build effective strategies for health equity promotion. This study aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic inequalities and inequities in health services utilization among hypertensive patients and explore the changes between 2015 and 2019 in Pearl River Delta of China.

methodsThe cross-sectional surveys were conducted using the questionnaire. Eight hundred thirty and one thousand one hundred sixty-six hypertensive patients in 2015 and 2019 were interviewed, respectively. The concentration index (CI) and the horizontal inequity index (HI) were used to access the socioeconomic inequalities and horizontal inequities in outpatient and inpatient health services use. The contribution of influential factors to the overall inequalities was estimated via the concentration index decomposition. Oaxaca-type decomposition technique was utilized to measure the changes in socioeconomic inequalities between the observation periods.

resultsIn 2015 and 2019, the CIs for outpatient and inpatient utilization decreased from 0.1498 to 0.1198, 0.1982 to 0.1648, respectively, and the HIs for outpatient and inpatient utilization decreased from 0.1478 to 0.1078, 0.1956 to 0.1390, respectively. Economic status contributed the maximum ratio of the socioeconomic inequalities in the use of outpatient service (81.05% in 2015, 112.89% in 2019) and inpatient service (82.46% in 2015, 114.68% in 2019) in these 2 years. Oaxaca decomposition revealed that educational level (78.30% in outpatient, 53.79% in inpatient) and time to the nearest health facilities (66.78% in outpatient, 31.06% in inpatient) made the main positive contributions to decline the inequalities. While the main factor pushing the equalities toward deterioration was economic status (- 46.11% in outpatient, -76.56% in inpatient).

conclusionThere were certain declines in the socioeconomic inequalities and inequities in health services utilization by hypertensive patients in Pearl River Delta of China over time. The widening economic gap was the largest contribution to the observed inequalities. Interventions to protect the vulnerable group deserve further concern from policy makers.

Indexed as

Facilities and Services UtilizationHypertensionChinaCross-Sectional StudiesHealthcare DisparitiesHumansRiversSocioeconomic FactorsChinaHealth service utilizationHorizontal inequityHypertensionSocioeconomic inequality

Identifiers

PMID33980187
PMCPMC8117279
OpenAlexW3162925140

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.