ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021
PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling participates in insulin-mediated regulation of pathological myopia-related factors in retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Low-level red light inhibits human retinal pigment epithelial cell fibrosis via UBE2C in a myopia-simulating hypoxic microenvironment.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Covariation of scleral remodeling and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in experimental myopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Chicken Primordial Germ Cells Do Not Proliferate in Insulin-Lacking Media.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Study on the pharmacodynamics and related mechanism of Tangningtongluo tablet on prediabetes mice based on the theory of "liver controlling dispersion".Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2025Article
- Electroacupuncture alleviates damage to myopic RGCs probably through lncRNA-XR_002789763.1-mediated mitophagy.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Myopia development: multifactorial interplay, molecular mechanisms and possible strategies.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Insulin-related traits and prostate cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Deep Spectral Library of Mice Retina for Myopia Research: Proteomics Dataset generated by SWATH and DIA-NN.Scientific data · 2024Article
- MiR-204-5p may regulate oxidative stress in myopia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genome-Wide mRNA and Long Non-Coding RNA Analysis of Porcine Trophoblast Cells Infected with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Associated with Reproductive Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Metabolism Dysregulation in Retinal Diseases and Related Therapies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Recombinant human klotho protects against hydrogen peroxide-mediated injury in human retinal pigment epithelial cells via the PI3K/Akt-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.Bioengineered · 2022Article
- Circulating Vitreous microRNA as Possible Biomarker in High Myopic Eyes with Macular Hole.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Insulin resistance, autophagy and apoptosis in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: Association with PI3K signaling pathway.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- The association study betweenAdvances in ophthalmology practice and researchArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInsulin positively correlates with the length of the eye axis and is increased in the vitreous and serum of patients with pathological myopia (PM). How insulin influences the physiological process of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in PM remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of insulin on the ultrastructure and function of RPE cells and the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling involved in the development of PM.
methodsThe ARPE-19 cells were treated with different concentrations of insulin to analyze the cell morphology, cell viability, the protein level of insulin receptor β, and the mRNA and protein levels of and PM-related factors (TIMP-2, MMP-2, bFGF, and IGF-1). The ultrastructure of APRE-19 cells was also observed after insulin treatment. Besides, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling was studied with or without the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 in ARPE-19 cells.
resultsInsulin enhanced the cell viability of ARPE-19 cells and caused the endoplasmic reticulum to expand and vesiculate, suggesting increased secretion of growth factors and degeneration in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, the insulin receptor β was stimulated with insulin treatment, subsequently, the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR was positively activated, which was adversely suppressed in the presence of LY294002. The secretion of TIMP-2 and bFGF was significantly decreased, and the secretion of MMP-2 and IGF-1 was highly elevated with insulin treatment depending on the concentration in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, the effect of insulin on PM-related proteins was restored with the addition of LY294002.
conclusionsOur results indicated that insulin regulated the secretion of PM-related factors via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells, and thus probably promoted the development of PM through transducing regulation signals from retina to choroid and sclera.
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