SynthesisBMJ open diabetes research & care2021
Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in pre-diabetes: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intervening Early in the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Expert Recommendations from the United Arab Emirates on the Management of Prediabetes.Vascular health and risk management · 2026Guideline
- The Relationship Between Prediabetes and Peripheral Neuropathy-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- eHealth tools to assess the neurological function for research, in absence of the neurologist - a systematic review, part I (software).Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Cross-Sectional Area of the Tibial Nerve in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Ultrasonography Studies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Pooled it
- Prediabetes and risk of mortality, diabetes-related complications and comorbidities: umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective studies.Diabetologia · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the Mobile-Based Diabetes Little Helper Video Intervention on Medication Adherence Among Older Adults Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Henan, China: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- An Open-Label Comparative Study of the Impact of Two Types of Electrical Stimulation (Direct Current Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation) on Physical Therapy Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Trial
- Bridging gaps in diabetic neuropathy care: A Delphi-based regional consensus from the Gulf Cooperation Council.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Review
- Bioenergetic failure in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: from glucotoxicity to multidimensional metabolic imbalance.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- The Hypothesis of Myelinodegeneration as an Initial Risk of Neuropathic Pain.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- The Natural History of Prediabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in the Pediatric Population.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Current Epidemiology, Diagnostic Advances, Biomarkers, and Management Strategies.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Review
- Chitosan Protects Peripheral Nerves Against Damage Induced by Diabetes Mellitus.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Blood 1-Deoxysphingolipid Levels Are Associated With Epidermal Denervation in Small Fiber Neuropathy.Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS · 2025Article
- Cohort profile of the Heidelberg study on diabetes and complications HEIST-DiC.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prediabetes.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Burden and predictors of peripheral neuropathy among cultivators and laborers using biothesiometer at primary healthcare setting: A cross-sectional study from Nutakkhi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Comparison of inflammatory markers and nerve conduction studies in prediabetes and type two diabetes mellitus: A possible role in neuropathy.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Relationship between the progression of diabetic polyneuropathy and impaired circadian blood pressure variability.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Article
- A structured list of laboratory tests for screening the possible causes of small fiber neuropathy in clinical practice.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is growing evidence of excess peripheral neuropathy in pre-diabetes. We aimed to determine its prevalence, including the impact of diagnostic methodology on prevalence rates, through a systematic review conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive electronic bibliographic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to June 1, 2020. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. An evaluation was undertaken by method of neuropathy assessment. After screening 1784 abstracts and reviewing 84 full-text records, 29 studies (9351 participants) were included. There was a wide range of prevalence estimates (2%-77%, IQR: 6%-34%), but the majority of studies (n=21, 72%) reported a prevalence ≥10%. The three highest prevalence estimates of 77% (95% CI: 54% to 100%), 71% (95% CI: 55% to 88%) and 66% (95% CI: 53% to 78%) were reported using plantar thermography, multimodal quantitative sensory testing and nerve conduction tests, respectively. In general, studies evaluating small nerve fiber parameters yielded a higher prevalence of peripheral neuropathy. Due to a variety of study populations and methods of assessing neuropathy, there was marked heterogeneity in the prevalence estimates. Most studies reported a higher prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in pre-diabetes, primarily of a small nerve fiber origin, than would be expected in the background population. Given the marked rise in pre-diabetes, further consideration of targeting screening in this population is required. Development of risk-stratification tools may facilitate earlier interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.