ArticleiScience2021
Cytokeratin 5 determines maturation of the mammary myoepithelium.
Article in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Establishment and characterization of a new immortalized human adenomyosis epithelial-like cell line, tAEC21†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Establishment and characterization of primary epithelial cell cultures from healthy canine mammary gland tissue.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Article
- Mechanosensitive TRPV4 channel guides maturation and organization of the bilayered mammary epithelium.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Lineage plasticity enables low-ER luminal tumors to evolve and gain basal-like traits.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
- Insights into the transition of ductal carcinomaCancer biology & medicine · 2022Article
- Silencing VDAC1 to Treat Mesothelioma Cancer: Tumor Reprograming and Altering Tumor Hallmarks.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Myoepithelial progenitors as founder cells of hyperplastic human breast lesions upon PIK3CA transformation.Communications biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
At invasion, transformed mammary epithelial cells expand into the stroma through a disrupted myoepithelial (ME) cell layer and basement membrane (BM). The intact ME cell layer has thus been suggested to act as a barrier against invasion. Here, we investigate the mechanisms behind the disruption of ME cell layer. We show that the expression of basal/ME proteins CK5, CK14, and α-SMA altered along increasing grade of malignancy, and their loss affected the maintenance of organotypic 3D mammary architecture. Furthermore, our data suggests that loss of CK5 prior to invasive stage causes decreased levels of Zinc finger protein SNAI2 (SLUG), a key regulator of the mammary epithelial cell lineage determination. Consequently, a differentiation bias toward luminal epithelial cell type was detected with loss of mature, α-SMA-expressing ME cells and reduced deposition of basement membrane protein laminin-5. Therefore, our data discloses the central role of CK5 in mammary epithelial differentiation and maintenance of normal ME layer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.