Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34010639›Full record

ArticleCell reports2021

Transcriptional co-activator regulates melanocyte differentiation and oncogenesis by integrating cAMP and MAPK/ERK pathways.

Jelena Ostojić, Young-Sil Yoon, Tim Sonntag, Billy Nguyen, Joan M Vaughan, Maxim Shokhirev, Marc Montminy

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  16. Review
  17. The journey from melanocytes to melanoma.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2023
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Biology of melanocytes in mammals.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Jelena OstojićClayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: jostojic@salk.edu.
Young-Sil YoonClayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Tim SonntagClayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Billy NguyenClayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Joan M VaughanClayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Maxim ShokhirevClayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Marc MontminyClayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: montminy@salk.edu.
Salk Institute for Biological Studies · USClayton Foundation · CH

Funding

Viral Vector Core (VVC)P30CA014195 · NCI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI Alan Saghatelian · 1985 to 2026
$82.8M
Regulation of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis by the CREB:TORC2 PathwayR01DK083834 · NIDDK · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI MONTMINY, MARC R · 2009 to 2022
$3.7M
BD FACSAria Fusion for Flow Cytometry Core FacilityS10OD023689 · OD · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI ZHENG, YE · 2018 to 2018
$530k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014195NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK083834NIH HHS S10 OD023689
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The cyclic AMP pathway promotes melanocyte differentiation by activating CREB and the cAMP-regulated transcription co-activators 1-3 (CRTC1-3). Differentiation is dysregulated in melanomas, although the contributions of CRTC proteins is unclear. We report a selective differentiation impairment in CRTC3 KO melanocytes and melanoma cells, due to downregulation of oculo-cutaneous albinism II (OCA2) and block of melanosome maturation. CRTC3 stimulates OCA2 expression by binding to CREB on a conserved enhancer, a regulatory site for pigmentation and melanoma risk. CRTC3 is uniquely activated by ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser391 and by low levels of cAMP. Phosphorylation at Ser391 is constitutively elevated in human melanoma cells with hyperactivated ERK1/2 signaling; knockout of CRTC3 in this setting impairs anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasiveness, whereas CRTC3 overexpression supports cell survival in response to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor vemurafenib. As melanomas expressing gain-of-function mutations in CRTC3 are associated with reduced survival, our results suggest that CRTC3 inhibition may provide therapeutic benefit in this setting.

Indexed as

AnimalsCarcinogenesisCell DifferentiationCyclic AMPHumansMAP Kinase Signaling SystemMelanocytesMiceMice, KnockoutCyclic AMPcAMPCREBCRTC3ERKmelanomamelanosomeOCA2phospho-diesterasepigmentation

Identifiers

PMID34010639
PMCPMC9678241
OpenAlexW3042805838

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.