ArticleG3 (Bethesda, Md.)2021
The Atlantic salmon's stress- and immune-related transcriptional responses to moderate hypoxia, an incremental temperature increase, and these challenges combined.
Article in G3 (Bethesda, Md.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temporal plasticity of thermal tolerance and cellular responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during warm acclimation and subsequent cold acclimation to baseline temperature.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Comparative Gill Transcriptomics Reveals Unresolved Inflammation Under Chronic Hypoxia and Molecular Plasticity During Cyclic Hypoxia inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Chronic Thermal Stress During Early Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Development Induces Morphological, Molecular, and Liver Histopathological Changes.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Molecular Responses to Climate Change: How Warming and Acidification Reshape the Proteome and Phosphoproteome of the Endangered Mira Chub.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- The relevance and application of measures of thermal tolerance to fish ecology, conservation and aquaculture.Conservation physiology · 2026Article
- Heat shock proteins in farmed aquatic animals: advancing animal health and welfare management through building resilience.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Effects of Water Temperature on Growth, Hematological Measurements and Stress-Related Gene Expression of Atlantic Salmon (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Application of genomic tools to study and potentially improve the upper thermal tolerance of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Effects of elevated temperature on gene expression, energy metabolism, and physiology in brown trout,Conservation physiology · 2025Article
- Chronic hypoxia has differential effects on constitutive and antigen-stimulated immune function in Atlantic salmon (Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Are fish immunocompetent enough to face climate change?Biology letters · 2024Review
- Evaluation of the Effect of Dietary Manganese on the Intestinal Digestive Function, Antioxidant Response, and Muscle Quality in Coho Salmon.Aquaculture nutrition · 2024Article
- Effects on growth performance and immunity ofFrontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Proteomic analysis of temperature-dependent developmental plasticity within the ventricle of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Current research in physiology · 2022Article
- RNA-Seq Analysis of the Growth Hormone Transgenic Female Triploid Atlantic Salmon (Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Influence of Supplemental Dietary Cholesterol on Growth Performance, Indices of Stress, Fillet Pigmentation, and Upper Thermal Tolerance of Female Triploid Atlantic Salmon (Aquaculture nutrition · 2022Article
- Atlantic Salmon (Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marine environment is predicted to become warmer, and more hypoxic, and these conditions may negatively impact the health and survival of coastal fish species, including wild and farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Thus, we examined how: (1) moderate hypoxia (∼70% air saturation) at 12°C for 3 weeks; (2) an incremental temperature increase from 12°C to 20°C (at 1°C week-1) followed by 4 weeks at 20°C; and (3) treatment "2" combined with moderate hypoxia affected transcript expression in the liver of post-smolts as compared to control conditions (normoxia, 12°C). Specifically, we assessed the expression of 45 genes related to the heat shock response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, metabolism and immunity using a high-throughput qPCR approach (Fluidigm Biomark™ HD). The expression profiles of 27 "stress"-related genes indicated that: (i) moderate hypoxia affected the expression of several stress genes at 12°C; (ii) their expression was impacted by 16°C under normoxic conditions, and this effect increased until 20°C; (iii) the effects of moderate hypoxia were not additive to those at temperatures above 16°C; and (iv) long-term (4 weeks) exposure to 20°C, with or without hypoxia, resulted in a limited acclimatory response. In contrast, the expression of 15 immune-related genes was not greatly affected until temperatures reached 20°C, and this effect was particularly evident in fish exposed to the added challenge of hypoxia. These results provide valuable information on how these two important environmental factors affect the "stress" physiology and immunology of Atlantic salmon, and we identify genes that may be useful as hypoxia and/or temperature biomarkers in salmonids and other fishes.
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