ArticleJournal of substance abuse treatment2021
Competing risks of women and men who use fentanyl: "The number one thing I worry about would be my safety and number two would be overdose".
Article in Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association of Perceived Risk for Opioid Overdose and Subsequent Overdose Among a Cohort of Opioid Overdose Survivors Who Use Nonprescribed Opioids.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Trial
- "I Know So Many Women That Have the Same Story as Mine": Exploring How the Increase of Benzodiazepines in the Unregulated Drug Supply Shapes Experiences of Gender-Based Violence Among Women and Gender Minorities in Vancouver, BC.Contemporary drug problems · 2026Article
- Gender differences in the association between housing status and violence among people who report exposure to benzodiazepines.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- Article
- The association between benzodiazepine proliferation in the unregulated drug supply and experiences of violence: A gender-based analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Overdose Data to Action: A qualitative analysis of funded activities tailored for women.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- 'It just doesn't stop': Perspectives of women who use drugs on increased overdoses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Drug and alcohol review · 2025Article
- A qualitative study exploring motivations for participating in research among women who use opioids.PloS one · 2025Article
- Challenges and recommendations for overdose prevention and harm reduction in an era of fentanyl and xylazine: Perspectives of women with opioid use disorder and professionals.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2024Article
- "If you're strung out and female, they will take advantage of you": A qualitative study exploring drug use and substance use service experiences among women in Boston and San Francisco.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- Exploring the Psychological Side of Fentanyl: A Scoping Review to Disclose the Psychosocial Dimensions of Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl Users.Health psychology research · 2024Article
- Article
- Association of sex work and social-structural factors with non-fatal overdose among women who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Injecting drugs alone during an overdose crisis in Vancouver, Canada.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to the fentanyl-adulterated drug supply among people who use drugs in Oregon.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Article
- Overdose Prevention and Housing: a Qualitative Study Examining Drug Use, Overdose Risk, and Access to Safer Supply in Permanent Supportive Housing in Vancouver, Canada.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Article
- "There's No Heroin Around Anymore. It's All Fentanyl." Adaptation of an Opioid Overdose Prevention Counseling Approach to Address Fentanyl Overdose: Formative Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Fentanyl preference among people who use opioids in New York City.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Mothers Who Use Drugs: Closing the Gaps in Harm Reduction Response Amidst the Dual Epidemics of Overdose and Violence in a Canadian Urban Setting.American journal of public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStandard public health approaches to risk communication do not address the gendered dynamics of drug use. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of fentanyl-related risks among women and men to inform future risk communication approaches.
methodsWe conducted a qualitative study, purposively sampling English-speaking women and men, aged 18-25 or 35+ years, with past 12-month illicitly manufactured fentanyl use. In-depth individual interviews explored experiences of women and men related to overdose and fentanyl use. We conducted a grounded content analysis examining specific codes related to overdose and other health or social risks attributed to drug use. Using a constant comparison technique, we explored commonalities and differences in themes between women and men.
resultsThe study enrolled twenty-one participants, 10 women and 11 men. All participants had personal overdose experiences. Both women and men described overdosing as a "chronic" condition and expressed de-sensitization to the risk of overdose. Women and men described other risks around health, safety, and state services that often superseded their fear of overdose. Women feared physical and sexual violence and prioritized caring for children and maintaining relations with child protective services, while men feared violence arising from obtaining and using street drugs and incarceration. Only women reported that fear of violence prevented their utilization of harm reduction services.
conclusionsExperiences with overdose and risk communication among people who use fentanyl-containing opioids varied by gender. The development of gender-responsive programs that address targeted concerns may be an avenue to enhance engagement with harm reduction and treatment services and create safe spaces for women not currently accessing available services.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.