ArticleGastroenterology & hepatology2020
Smoking and Liver Disease.
Article in Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Temporal trends and demographic disparities in mortality with co-mention of chronic liver disease and pneumonia in the United States, 1999-2024.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- E-cigarette vaping is associated with pro-fibrotic gene expression in kidney and liver tissues.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Helicobacter pylori infection and liver function alterations in individuals undergoing gastric cancer screening: a cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trajectories of symptom burden and associated factors in patients with liver cirrhosis: a prospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on liver health: exploring shifts in social and psychosocial determinants of steatosis and fibrosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- [Disease, social, and economic burden of smoking in Brazil and the impact of tax increases on the economy and on the reduction of morbidity and mortality].Cadernos de saude publica · 2026Article
- Malnutrition Is Associated with Increased Liver Stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes: The Mediating Role of Inflammation.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Smoking and liver diseases: an updated review of pathogenesis, progression, and therapeutic implications.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- E-cigarette Vaping is Associated with Pro-Fibrotic Gene Expression in Kidney and Liver Tissues.Research square · 2025Article
- Screening for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes patients using non-invasive scores and ultrasound: a cross-sectional study in Egypt.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Epidemiology, Achievements, and Challenges in the Elimination of Hepatitis B in China.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Review
- Combined Effects of PFAS, Social, and Behavioral Factors on Liver Health.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Bidirectional Interplay Between Substances of Abuse and Gut Microbiome Homeostasis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Epidemiology of Hepatitis D Virus and Associated Factors in Patients Referred to Level Three Hepatitis Clinic, Fars Province, Southern Iran.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Young Adults and Alcohol-Associated Liver Cancer: Incidence and Death from 2000 to 2021.Cancers · 2025Article
- Is There an Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Smokers with HIV, Heavy Drinking and High Prevalence of HCV?Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Magnitude, patterns, and factors associated with liver disease among clinically suspected clients in Eastern Ethiopia: hidden public health tragedy.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- The impact of diabetes and social, biologic and behavioral determinants of health on liver cancer risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, causing approximately 480,000 deaths per year, which is equivalent to 1 in 5 deaths being attributable to tobacco use. The adverse effects of cigarette smoking on the lungs and cardiovascular system are well described; however, the detrimental effects of smoking on the liver are not as well defined. Smoking affects the liver via 3 separate mechanisms: toxic (both direct and indirect), immunologic, and oncogenic. There is an emerging body of evidence of an association between cigarette smoking and progression of fibrosis in chronic liver diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and primary biliary cholangitis. Smoking is associated with accelerated development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection. Tobacco smoking adversely affects lung function, which increases physical limitations and may preclude liver transplantation. Following liver transplantation, smoking is associated with several adverse outcomes, including increased risk of de novo malignancy, vascular complications, and nongraft-associated mortality. The respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 serves as a good example of the complex interplay between the lungs and the liver. It is evident that cigarette smoking has important negative effects on a multitude of liver diseases and that patients' smoking cessation must be prioritized. The data are limited, and more research is needed to better understand how smoking affects the liver. This article summarizes what is known about the pathologic effects of cigarette smoking on common liver diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34035697PMC8132692W3123752436What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.