ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021
Effect of oral alcohol administration on plasma cytokine concentrations in heavy drinking individuals.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Acute changes in immune biomarkers under low- and moderate-dose alcohol in light and heavy drinkers: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Trial
- Towards Mechanism-Informed Treatments for Mental Health.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- The effect of voluntary chronic alcohol consumption on Th1/Th2 cytokine signature during adolescence in Sprague-Dawley Rats.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Translational Evidence of Immunomodulation by Addictive Drugs: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2025Article
- Utilizing blood inflammatory markers in alcohol studies: Considerations and recommendations for study design, sample collection, and data analysis.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Circulating Immune and Endocrine Markers in Currently Drinking and Abstinent Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder and Controls.Addiction biology · 2025Article
- Alcohol consumption and childhood trauma impact serum immunoglobulin levels in patients with alcohol use disorder.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Cytokine Storms and Anaphylaxis Following COVID-19 mRNA-LNP Vaccination: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Examining the moderating role of cannabis use on the relationship between alcohol consumption and inflammation in individuals with alcohol use disorder.Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with enhanced sensitivity to cellular lipopolysaccharide challenge.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2023Article
- Predominantly Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype with Mixed M1/M2 Polarization of Peripheral Blood Classical Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages among Patients with Excessive Ethanol Intake.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- IL-6, but not TNF-α, response to alcohol cues and acute consumption associated with neural cue reactivity, craving, and future drinking in binge drinkers.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- What Should We Do after the COVID-19 Vaccination? Vaccine-Associated Diseases and Precautionary Measures against Adverse Reactions.Vaccines · 2022Review
- An exploratory study of pro-inflammatory cytokines in individuals with alcohol use disorder: MCP-1 and IL-8 associated with alcohol consumption, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and liver biomarkers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlcohol is known to modulate the immune system, including cytokines, under conditions of both acute consumption and chronic use. The specific pro- and anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms whereby alcohol consumption modulates circulating cytokine concentrations are not well understood. Few studies in humans have investigated the effect of acute alcohol consumption on plasma cytokine concentrations in individuals who are heavy drinkers.
methodsData were pooled from two studies involving a total of 25 non-treatment seeking, heavy drinking individuals who undertook an oral alcohol administration procedure. Plasma cytokine [Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-18 (IL-18) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)] concentrations were measured at two baseline timepoints, then three hours after alcohol administration, and finally when breath alcohol concentrations returned to zero. Linear mixed models were conducted to determine whether there was a significant effect of time on cytokine concentrations.
resultsThere was a significant reduction in TNF-α concentration (F [3, 20.42] = 4.96, p = 0.01, η
conclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the acute effect of oral alcohol consumption on peripheral inflammatory markers in individuals with alcohol use disorder. Results indicate a clinically relevant increase in proinflammatory cytokines approximately 3 h after initial alcohol ingestion. Further research should be done to elucidate the complex interaction between alcohol and the immune system.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.