ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2021
Systolic Blood Pressure and Cognition in the Elderly: The Northern Manhattan Study.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rising Comorbid Alzheimer's and Hypertension Mortality in Older Adults in the United States: Trends and Disparities From a 21-Year CDC WONDER Analysis (1999-2019).Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Article
- An interpretable machine learning screening model for MoCA-defined possible mild cognitive impairment in rural Xinjiang: a preliminary framework for resource-limited primary care.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The relationship between blood pressure and cognitive decline differs by race.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Hypertension may lead to cognitive dysfunction in older adults via methylmalonic acid: evidence from NHANES 2011-2014 population.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Optimal cardiovascular health is associated with slower cognitive decline.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Treatment of hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea counteracts cognitive decline in common neurocognitive disorders in diagnosis-related patterns.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- White matter changes underlie hypertension-related cognitive decline in older adults.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2023Review
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI).Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- Article
- Life's Essential 8™ and incident dementia in an urban cohort: Findings from the Northern Manhattan Study.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
- Diastolic Blood Pressure and Cognitive Functioning: Differences by Systolic Blood Pressure Among US Adults.American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementiasArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreasing evidence suggests that hypertension is a risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. The relationship between blood pressure and cognition in a racially and ethnically diverse population remains unclear.
objectiveTo study association of blood pressure with cognition cross-sectionally and longitudinally in the elderly.
methodsParticipants are stroke-free individuals from the racially and ethnically diverse Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) (n = 1215). General linear models are constructed to examine blood pressure in relation to cognition cross-sectionally and longitudinally at a five-year follow-up.
resultsWe found a cross-sectional association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) with word fluency/semantic memory, executive function, and processing speed/visual motor integration (VMI) function. This association was independent of demographics, vascular risk factors, white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). The cross-sectional association of SBP with processing speed/VMI and executive function was attenuated after adjusting anti-hypertension medications in the models. Baseline SBP was associated with the change of processing speed/VMI function after adjusting vascular risk factors, WMHV, and cIMT at a 5-year follow-up. This longitudinal association was not found after adjusting anti-hypertension medications in the models. Further analyses revealed that individuals with category SBP from < 120 mmHg to≥140 mmHg had a linear decline in processing speed/VMI function at a 5-year follow-up.
conclusionWe show that SBP is negatively associated with cognition cross-sectionally and longitudinally in the elderly. Anti-hypertension treatment eliminates the negative association of SBP with processing speed/VMI function longitudinally. Our findings support the treatment of stage 1 systolic hypertension in the elderly.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.