ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Proteases, Mucus, and Mucosal Immunity in Chronic Lung Disease.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- The dipeptidyl peptidase 1 inhibition landscape in bronchiectasis and its future direction.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Carbocisteine Reduces Airway Mucus Obstruction and Alters Inflammatory Cell Populations in a Model of Muco-Obstructive Lung Disease.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Regenerative therapeutics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Mucoactive Agents in Muco-Obstructive Lung Diseases: A Critical Reappraisal of Pharmacological Effects and Clinical Outcomes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Impact of cellular proteases on the function of antiviral antibodies.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Molecular Characterization of Calu-3 Cells from Submerged to Air-Liquid Interface to Model Lung Infections.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Impact of liquid dosing and associated cell 'drowning' in a 3D human bronchial epithelial model used for protease exposure studies.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- The primary cilium as a compartmentalized signaling hub in tissue immunity and homeostasis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Human bronchial air-liquid interface responses to nebulised protease exposure.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial proteins and peptides in pregnancy: Guardians of the maternal-fetal frontier.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Impact of long-term exposure to PMBMC public health · 2025Article
- Neutrophil-derived biomarkers in bronchiectasis: identifying a common therapeutic target.The European respiratory journal · 2025Review
- Research advances in polyphenols from Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- The dual role of thrombospondin-1 in inflammatory regulation during acute respiratory distress syndrome: a mini-review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- IL-6 Degradation by Secreted Proteases FromInternational journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Targeting neutrophil serine proteases in bronchiectasis.The European respiratory journal · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Role of Cathepsins on Lung Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Dysregulated protease activity has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases and especially in conditions that display mucus obstruction, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. However, our appreciation of the roles of proteases in various aspects of such diseases continues to grow. Patients with muco-obstructive lung disease experience progressive spirals of inflammation, mucostasis, airway infection and lung function decline. Some therapies exist for the treatment of these symptoms, but they are unable to halt disease progression and patients may benefit from novel adjunct therapies. In this review, we highlight how proteases act as multifunctional enzymes that are vital for normal airway homeostasis but, when their activity becomes immoderate, also directly contribute to airway dysfunction, and impair the processes that could resolve disease. We focus on how proteases regulate the state of mucus at the airway surface, impair mucociliary clearance and ultimately, promote mucostasis. We discuss how, in parallel, proteases are able to promote an inflammatory environment in the airways by mediating proinflammatory signalling, compromising host defence mechanisms and perpetuating their own proteolytic activity causing structural lung damage. Finally, we discuss some possible reasons for the clinical inefficacy of protease inhibitors to date and propose that, especially in a combination therapy approach, proteases represent attractive therapeutic targets for muco-obstructive lung diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.