ArticleCancers2021
Tissue-Specific Warburg Effect in Breast Cancer and Cancer-Associated Adipose Tissue-Relationship between AMPK and Glycolysis.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aberrant Energy Metabolism in Tumors and Potential Therapeutic Targets.Genes, chromosomes & cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Natural products targeting glycolysis in cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Fluctuating environment causes neoplastic transition and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in human cells.Research square · 2026Article
- Metabolic Fingerprinting of Urine Reveals Metabolite Changes in Women With Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- From Seed to Therapy: Sesamin and Phytosterols of Sesamum indicum in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Ovarian Cancer.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Molecular Adaptations to Repeated Radiation Exposure in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Dysregulation of Cell Adhesion, Mitochondrial Function, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Spectral CT radiomics features of the tumor and perigastric adipose tissue can predict lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Article
- Unveiling the powerhouse: ASCL1-driven small cell lung cancer is characterized by higher numbers of mitochondria and enhanced oxidative phosphorylation.Cancer & metabolism · 2025Article
- A Novel Prognostic Signature Integrating Immune and Glycolytic Pathways for Enhanced Prognosis and Immunotherapy Prediction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
- The Role of HK2 in Tumorigenesis and Development: Potential for Targeted Therapy with Natural Products.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
- Peritumoral Adipose Tissue Features Derived from [Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Unmutated RRAS2 emerges as a key oncogene in post-partum-associated triple negative breast cancer.Molecular cancer · 2024Article
- Long-Term High-Fat Diet Limits the Protective Effect of Spontaneous Physical Activity on Mammary Carcinogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Prognostic Impact of Visceral Adipose Tissue Imaging Parameters in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma after Surgical Resection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Breast Cancer: Mitochondria-Centered Metabolic Alterations in Tumor and Associated Adipose Tissue.Cells · 2024Article
- Prox1 Suppresses the Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cells via Direct Inhibition of c-Myc Gene Expression.Cells · 2023Article
- Establishment of a novel glycolysis-immune-related diagnosis gene signature for endometriosis by machine learning.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2023Article
- Transcriptome Analysis on Hepatopancreas Reveals the Metabolic Dysregulation Caused byBiology · 2023Article
- How Do Hexokinases Inhibit Receptor-Mediated Apoptosis?Biology · 2022Review
- Noncoding RNAs in the Glycolysis of Ovarian Cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Typical features of the breast malignant phenotype rely on metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells and their interaction with surrounding adipocytes. Obesity is strongly associated with breast cancer mortality, yet the effects of obesity on metabolic reprogramming of cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue remain largely unknown. Paired biopsies of breast tumor tissue and adipose tissue from premenopausal women were divided according to pathohistological analyses and body mass index on normal-weight and overweight/obese with benign or malignant tumors. We investigated the protein expression of key regulatory enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and glycogen synthesis. Breast cancer tissue showed a simultaneous increase in 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression with typical features of the Warburg effect, including hexokinase 2 (HK 2) overexpression and its association with mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1, associated with an overexpression of rate-limiting enzymes of glycolysis (phosphofructokinase 1-PFK-1) and pentose phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-G6PDH). In parallel, cancer-associated adipose tissue showed increased AMPK protein expression with overexpression of HK 2 and G6PDH in line with increased PPP activity. Moreover, important obesity-associated differences in glucose metabolism were observed in breast cancer tissue showing prominent glycogen deposition and higher glycogen synthase kinase-3 protein expression in normal-weight women and higher PFK-1 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein expression in overweight/obese women. In conclusion, metabolic reprogramming of glycolysis contributes to tissue-specific Warburg effect in breast cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.