ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021
Associations Between Fruit Intake and Risk of Diabetes in the AusDiab Cohort.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Sugar Intake and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of fruit on glucose control in diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of nineteen randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Raspberry Leaf Tea Polyphenols on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Responses in Healthy Adults.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Randomised crossover controlled trial of dietary interventions for glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Trial
- Both Isocarbohydrate and Hypercarbohydrate Fruit Preloads Curbed Postprandial Glycemic Excursion in Healthy Subjects.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Indicators of Household Composition Are Associated with Adherence to Fruit and Vegetable Intake Recommendations Among Caretakers Eligible for SNAP with Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Sofrito and Fruit Consumption Associated with Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in an Urban Latin American Cohort.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Research on vitamin D metabolic regulation in the pathogenesis of related diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Dates fruit effects on dyslipidemia among patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
- Single-Person Households: Insights from a Household Survey of Fruit and Vegetable Purchases.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Article
- Effects of different types of meals on postprandial glycaemia in healthy subjects.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2024Review
- A diet-wide Mendelian randomization analysis: causal effects of dietary habits on type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Metabolic phenotyping of BMI to characterize cardiometabolic risk: evidence from large population-based cohorts.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Roles of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in diet-induced obesity.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Review
- The critical issue linking lipids and inflammation: Clinical utility of stopping oxidative stress.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Article
- Eating whole fruit, not drinking fruit juice, may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextFruit, but not fruit juice, intake is inversely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, questions remain about the mechanisms by which fruits may confer protection.
objectiveThe aims of this work were to examine associations between intake of fruit types and 1) measures of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and 2) diabetes at follow-up.
methodsAmong participants of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, fruit and fruit juice intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Associations between fruit and fruit juice intake and 1) fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postload plasma glucose, updated homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of β-cell function (HOMA2-%β), HOMA2 of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S), and fasting insulin levels at baseline and 2) the presence of diabetes at follow-up (5 and 12 years) were assessed using restricted cubic splines in logistic and linear regression models.
resultsThis population of 7675 Australians (45% males) had a mean ± SD age of 54 ± 12 years at baseline. Total fruit intake was inversely associated with serum insulin and HOMA2-%β, and positively associated with HOMA2-%S at baseline. Compared to participants with the lowest intakes (quartile 1), participants with moderate total fruit intakes (quartile 3) had 36% lower odds of having diabetes at 5 years (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.44-0.92), after adjusting for dietary and lifestyle confounders. Associations with 12-year outcomes were not statistically significant.
conclusionA healthy diet including whole fruits, but not fruit juice, may play a role in mitigating T2DM risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.