SynthesisThe Journal of nutrition2021
Different Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Fasting Blood Uric Acid Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Feeding Trials.
Synthesis in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02716870 (Effect of Important Food Sources of Fructose-containing Sugars on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Important Food Sources of Fructose-containing Sugars on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Series of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Controlled Trials to Inform Dietary Guidelines, Public Health Policy, and Future Trial Design
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The oral und systemic health risks of sugar consumption: an umbrella review.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Pooled it
- A metabolomic signatures in hyperuricemia: a systematic review.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Sugar Source on the Relationships Between Free Sugars Intake and Health: A Secondary Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Beverage consumption on bone and joint disorders: an umbrella review.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
- Health effects of drinking 100% juice: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Fructose-containing food sources and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Aggression and Justice Involvement: Does Uric Acid Play a Role?Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Risk of Incident Hypertension in US Middle-Aged Adults.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Fruit juice - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.Food & nutrition research · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough fructose as a source of excess calories increases uric acid, the effect of the food matrix is unclear.
objectivesTo assess the effects of fructose-containing sugars by food source at different levels of energy control on uric acid, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.
methodsMEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched (through 11 January 2021) for trials ≥ 7 days. We prespecified 4 trial designs by energy control: substitution (energy-matched replacement of sugars in diets); addition (excess energy from sugars added to diets); subtraction (energy from sugars subtracted from diets); and ad libitum (energy from sugars freely replaced in diets) designs. Independent reviewers (≥2) extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation was used to assess the certainty of evidence.
resultsWe included 47 trials (85 comparisons; N = 2763) assessing 9 food sources [sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sweetened dairy, fruit drinks, 100% fruit juice, fruit, dried fruit, sweets and desserts, added nutritive sweetener, and mixed sources] across 4 energy control levels in predominantly healthy, mixed-weight adults. Total fructose-containing sugars increased uric acid levels in substitution trials (mean difference, 0.16 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.06-0.27 mg/dL; P = 0.003), with no effect across the other energy control levels. There was evidence of an interaction by food source: SSBs and sweets and desserts increased uric acid levels in the substitution design, while SSBs increased and 100% fruit juice decreased uric acid levels in addition trials. The certainty of evidence was high for the increasing effect of SSBs in substitution and addition trials and the decreasing effect of 100% fruit juice in addition trials and was moderate to very low for all other comparisons.
conclusionsFood source more than energy control appears to mediate the effects of fructose-containing sugars on uric acid. The available evidence provides reliable indications that SSBs increase and 100% fruit juice decreases uric acid levels. More high-quality trials of different food sources are needed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02716870.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.