ReviewFrontiers in neuroendocrinology2021
On the role of sex steroids in biological functions by classical and non-classical pathways. An update.
Review in Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive meta-analysis of exogenous estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in animal models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.Biology of sex differences · 2026Pooled it
- Developmental and environmental determinants of hair steroids in children from birth to two years postnatally: A comprehensive analysis.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Depression: Adult Cytogenesis as Potential Target for Precision Psychiatry.Cells · 2026Review
- Sex Hormone Imbalance in Keratoconus: Estrogen-Mediated Collagen Remodeling and Biomechanical Weakening.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Toward Sustainable Testosterone Manufacturing: Green Chemistry and Microbial Biotransformation Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sex Hormones Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Nucleus Pulposus and Annulus Fibrosus Cells in a Cell-Type Specific Manner.JOR spine · 2026Article
- A systematic review of microgravity on reproductive systems: Implications for space biology and human health.iScience · 2026Review
- The Role of Testosterone in Atherosclerosis: View From Cell Cultures and Animal Models.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- TrkB Agonist Treatment Decreases Hippocampal Testosterone Contents in a Sex-Dependent Manner Following Neonatal Hypoxia and Ischemia.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- The gut-microbiota-brain axis: Focus on gut steroids.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Urinary Glyphosate Concentrations and Serum Sex Hormones in a Nationally Representative U.S. Sample: NHANES 2017-2018.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of Androgens on Human Fascia.Biology · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in the Lacrimal Gland: Implications for Dry Eye Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Luteinizing Hormone Regulates Testosterone Production, Leydig Cell Proliferation, Differentiation, and Circadian Rhythm During Spermatogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Androgens as the "old age stick" in skeletal muscle.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Retina-Targeted 17β-Estradiol by the DHED Prodrug Rescues Visual Function and Actuates Neuroprotective Protein Networks After Optic Nerve Crush in a Rat Model of Surgical Menopause.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Chemogenomics for steroid hormone receptors (NR3).Communications chemistry · 2025Article
- Exploring diversity: a review of animal models for investigating variations in sex characteristics.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- The hypothalamic effects of PACAP on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in male mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Independent contribution of gonads and sex chromosomes to sex differences in bone mass and strength in the four-core genotypes mouse model.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The sex steroid hormones (SSHs) play several roles in regulation of various processes in the cardiovascular, immune, muscular and neural systems. SSHs affect prenatal and postnatal development of various brain structures, including regions associated with important physiological, behavioral, cognitive, and emotional functions. This action can be mediated by either intracellular or transmembrane receptors. While the classical mechanisms of SSHs action are relatively well examined, the physiological importance of non-classical mechanism of SSHs action through membrane-associated and transmembrane receptors in the brain remains unclear. The most recent summary describing the role of SSHs in different body systems is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss classical and non-classical signaling pathways of testosterone and estradiol action via their receptors at functional, cellular, tissue level and to describe the effects on various body systems and behavior. Particular emphasis will be on brain regions including the hippocampus, hypothalamus, frontal cortex and cerebellum.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.