ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2021
Highly efficient CD4+ T cell targeting and genetic recombination using engineered CD4+ cell-homing mRNA-LNPs.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
176 citing papers in PubMed, 254 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipid nanoparticles with aptamers enable targeted mRNA delivery to CD4⁺ T cells.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Structural evolution of ionizable lipids for nucleic acid delivery.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2026Review
- Towards mRNA therapeutics 2.0.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- X-linked myotubular myopathy, liver disease, and gene therapy.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026Review
- Preparation of targeted lipid nanoparticles for precision nucleic acid delivery.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Review
- Genetic Code Expansion Enables Oriented, Site-Specific Conjugation of DARPins to Lipid Nanoparticles for Selective mRNA Delivery to CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Delivering the future of immunotherapy: A state-of-the-art review of gene editing in immune cells with lipid nanoparticles.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- CD4-directed nanoblades enable selective genome editing in CD4EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Tuning protein corona on nucleic acid nanodrugs for targeted delivery.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Nanomaterials Drive In Vivo CAR Immune Cells Engineering.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Two Classes of Protein Therapeutics: Why Dose-Response Architecture Defines the Boundary of mRNA Medicines.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Targeting rapidly cycling receptors CD2 and CD7 increases nanoparticle delivery to primary CD4Nature communications · 2026Article
- Advances and prospects in cell therapy for cancer: explorations from T cells to stem cells.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-mediated precision delivery of mRNA.Nature materials · 2026Review
- DNA-directed assembly of multivalent lipid nanoparticles for targeted T cell gene delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Targeted LNP-mediated delivery of VE-cadherin mRNA reduces vascular hyperpermeability in vivo.Blood advances · 2026Article
- In Vivo mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticle CAR-T Cell Engineering: Advances, Challenges, and Clinical Translation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Reprogramming CD22 CAR-T cells in vivo using CD8-targeted mRNA-LNPs to treat hematological malignancies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles for Cell Engineering in Vivo and in Vitro: Current Applications and Future Directions.MedComm · 2026Review
116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA)-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the basis for the first two EUA (Emergency Use Authorization) COVID-19 vaccines. The use of nucleoside-modified mRNA as a pharmacological agent opens immense opportunities for therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic molecular interventions. In particular, mRNA-based drugs may specifically modulate immune cells, such as T lymphocytes, for immunotherapy of oncologic, infectious and other conditions. The key challenge, however, is that T cells are notoriously resistant to transfection by exogenous mRNA. Here, we report that conjugating CD4 antibody to LNPs enables specific targeting and mRNA interventions to CD4+ cells, including T cells. After systemic injection in mice, CD4-targeted radiolabeled mRNA-LNPs accumulated in spleen, providing ∼30-fold higher signal of reporter mRNA in T cells isolated from spleen as compared with non-targeted mRNA-LNPs. Intravenous injection of CD4-targeted LNPs loaded with Cre recombinase-encoding mRNA provided specific dose-dependent loxP-mediated genetic recombination, resulting in reporter gene expression in about 60% and 40% of CD4+ T cells in spleen and lymph nodes, respectively. T cell phenotyping showed uniform transfection of T cell subpopulations, with no variability in uptake of CD4-targeted mRNA-LNPs in naive, central memory, and effector cells. The specific and efficient targeting and transfection of mRNA to T cells established in this study provides a platform technology for immunotherapy of devastating conditions and HIV cure.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.