ArticleEuropean journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics2021
Pharmacokinetics of Intraperitoneally Delivered Glucagon in Pigs: A Hypothesis of First Pass Metabolism.
Article in European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nano-Amounts of Glucagon Premixed With Fast-Acting Insulin Lispro: Effect on Insulin Absorption in Pigs.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2025Article
- The artificial pancreas: two alternative approaches to achieve a fully closed-loop system with optimal glucose control.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Effects of Low-Dose Glucagon on Subcutaneous Insulin Absorption in Pigs.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2024Article
- Glucagon and Its Receptors in the Mammalian Heart.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Pharmacokinetics of glucagon after intravenous, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration in a pig model.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Article
- Vasodilatory effects of glucagon: A possible new approach to enhanced subcutaneous insulin absorption in artificial pancreas devices.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveArtificial pancreases administering low-dose glucagon in addition to insulin have the scope to improve glucose control in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. If such a device were to deliver both hormones intraperitoneally, it would mimic normal physiology, which may be beneficial. However, the pharmacokinetic properties of glucagon after intraperitoneal administration are not well known. Hence, the current study aims to evaluate the relationship between the amount of intraperitoneally delivered glucagon and pharmacokinetic variables in a pig model.
methodsPharmacokinetic data was retrieved from experiments on 19 anaesthetised pigs and analysed post hoc. The animals received a single intraperitoneal bolus of glucagon ranging from 0.30 to 4.46 µg/kg. Plasma glucagon was measured every 2-10 min for 50 min.
resultsPeak plasma concentration and area under the time-plasma concentration curve of glucagon correlated positively with the administered dose, and larger boluses provided a relatively greater increase. The mean (standard deviation) time to maximum glucagon concentration in plasma was 11 (5) min, and the mean elimination half-life of glucagon in plasma was 19 (7) min.
conclusionsMaximum plasma concentration and area under the time-plasma concentration curve of glucagon increase nonlinearly in relation to the intraperitoneally administered glucagon dose. We hypothesise that the results are compatible with a satiable first-pass metabolism in the liver. Time to maximum glucagon concentration in plasma and the elimination half-life of glucagon in plasma seem independent of the drug dose.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.