Trial reportThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease
Intranasal Insulin Reduces White Matter Hyperintensity Progression in Association with Improvements in Cognition and CSF Biomarker Profiles in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.
Trial report in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT06072963. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Combination of Intranasal Insulin With Oral Semaglutide to Improve Cognition and Cerebral Blood Flow: a Feasibility Study
Therapeutic Effects of Intranasally-Administered Insulin in Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) or Mild Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of antidiabetic drugs in Alzheimer´s disease: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Pooled it
- Mapping new pharmacological interventions for cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Outcomes and clinical implications of intranasal insulin on cognition in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of perioperative intranasal insulin on postoperative delirium in elderly hip fracture patients undergoing general anesthesia: a randomized controlled study.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Trial
- A phase 2A/B randomized trial of metabolic modulators intranasal insulin and empagliflozin for MCI and early AD.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Intranasal Insulin Diminishes Postoperative Delirium and Elevated Osteocalcin and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Older Patients Undergoing Joint Replacement: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Intranasal insulin modulates cerebrospinal fluid markers of neuroinflammation in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2022 · on this mapTrial
- Disease mechanisms and translational barriers guide nanocarrier design for nose to brain delivery in Alzheimer's disease.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Changes in White Matter Hypointensities in Recurrent Late-Life Depression.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's disease: from molecular pathways to therapies.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Dietary Pattern-Induced Gut Microbiota Differences Are Associated with White Matter Volume Changes in Middle-Aged Female Macaques.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Propyl Gallate Attenuates Methylglyoxal-Induced Alzheimer-like Cognitive Deficits and Neuroinflammation in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Overcoming the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease: translational perspectives on advanced drug delivery platforms.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Type 3 Diabetes: Linking Insulin Resistance to Cognitive Decline.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The association of diabetes with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and vascular burden across European aging and memory clinic cohorts.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Intranasal insulin for the treatment of alcohol use disorder: design and methodology of an alcohol interaction randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2025Article
- Understanding Insulin Actions Beyond Glycemic Control: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Coenzyme Q10: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Brain Glucose Hypometabolism and Brain Iron Accumulation as Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer's Disease and Other CNS Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact of diabetes on the progression of Alzheimer's disease via trajectories of amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration (ATN) biomarkers.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIntranasally administered insulin has shown promise in both rodent and human studies in Alzheimer's disease; however, both effects and mechanisms require elucidation.
objectiveWe assessed the effects of intranasally administered insulin on white matter health and its association with cognition and cerebral spinal fluid biomarker profiles in adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease in secondary analyses from a prior phase 2 clinical trial (NCT01767909).
designA randomized (1:1) double-blind clinical trial.
settingTwelve sites across the United States.
participantsAdults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
interventionParticipants received either twice daily placebo or insulin (20 IU Humulin R U-100 b.i.d.) intranasally for 12 months. Seventy-eight participants were screened, of whom 49 (32 men) were enrolled. MEASUREMENTS: Changes from baseline in global and regional white matter hyperintensity volume and gray matter volume were analyzed and related to changes in cerebral spinal fluid biomarkers, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition, Clinical Disease Rating-Sum of Boxes, Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living Scale, and a memory composite.
resultsThe insulin-treated group demonstrated significantly reduced changes in white matter hyperintensity volume in deep and frontal regions after 12 months, with a similar trend for global volume. White matter hyperintensity volume progression correlated with worsened Alzheimer's disease cerebral spinal fluid biomarker profile and cognitive function; however, patterns of correlations differed by treatment group.
conclusionIntranasal insulin treatment for 12 months reduced white matter hyperintensity volume progression and supports insulin's potential as a therapeutic option for Alzheimer's disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.