ArticleJournal of immunology research2021
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Empagliflozin and Gemigliptin on LPS-Stimulated Macrophage via the IKK/NF-
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06473844 (Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Adults With Sepsis), which is not on this map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Adults With Sepsis: A Feasibility Study for a Multicenter Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- New anti-diabetic agents for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Deciphering the interplay between SGLT2 inhibition, CCL4, and angina pectoris: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Disease: Biochemical Insights and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Safety and clinical impact of SGLT2 inhibitor in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a target-trial emulation study.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Inhibition of TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway by empagliflozin mitigates concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- SGLT2 Inhibition as a Perioperative Cardiorenal Stabilizer in Cardiac Surgery: Integrated Clinical Cohort and Pleiotropic Network-Based Pharmacological Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The prognostic value and oncogenic functions of WDR12 and its validation in osteosarcoma.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Vasculoprotective Effects of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter Inhibitors in Non-Diabetic Experimental Settings: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cellular Interactions and Immunometabolic Mechanisms in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Evidence.Circulation. Heart failure · 2026Review
- Inflammation and genetics in myo-pericardial diseases: Insights from the Italian Study Group on Cardiomyopathies and Pericardial Diseases.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- Empagliflozin Inhibits Cadmium-Induced Hepatic Cell Apoptosis Through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy Pathways.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Consensus Virtual Screening andACS omega · 2025Article
- Comparison of the Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Cardiac Fibroblast Properties.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Canagliflozin Attenuates Podocyte Inflammatory Injury through Suppressing the TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Kidney Disease Mice.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Beyond the Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Axis: Emerging Therapeutic Targets and Novel Mechanisms of Action of Flozins.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Empagliflozin targeted the immune-related gene PIK3CA in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment: network pharmacology analysis and experimental evidence.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Effects of empagliflozin on interleukin-23 secretion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with type 2 diabetes versus healthy subjects: an in vitro study.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Initiating Empagliflozin and Sacubitril/Valsartan Early After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Mechanistic Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Current anti-inflammatory strategies for treatment of heart failure: From innate to adaptive immunity.Pharmacological research · 2025Review
- Empagliflozin and memantine combination ameliorates cognitive impairment in scopolamine + heavy metal mixture-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats: role of AMPK/mTOR, BDNF, BACE-1, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are glucose-lowering drugs whose anti-inflammatory properties have recently become useful in tackling metabolic syndromes in chronic inflammatory diseases, including diabetes and obesity. We investigated whether empagliflozin (SGLT2 inhibitor) and gemigliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) improve inflammatory responses in macrophages, identified signalling pathways responsible for these effects, and studied whether the effects can be augmented with dual empagliflozin and gemigliptin therapy.
methodsRAW 264.7 macrophages were first stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), then cotreated with empagliflozin, gemigliptin, or empagliflozin plus gemigliptin. We conducted quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) to determine the most effective anti-inflammatory doses without cytotoxicity. We performed ELISA and qRT-PCR for inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and flow cytometry for CD80, the M1 macrophage surface marker, to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of empagliflozin and gemigliptin. NF-
resultsLPS-stimulated CD80
conclusionsOur study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of empagliflozin and gemigliptin via IKK/NF-
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.