Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34132352›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2021

Biomarker Concentrations in White and British Indian Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians in the UK Biobank.

Tammy Y N Tong, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Kathryn E Bradbury, Timothy J Key

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Tammy Y N TongCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0284-8959
Aurora Perez-CornagoCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5652-356X
Kathryn E BradburyNational Institute for Health Innovation, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Timothy J KeyCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
University of Oxford · GBUniversity of Auckland · NZ

Funding

Cancer Research UK 29017Cancer Research UK C8221/A29017Medical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_QA137853Medical Research Council MR/M012190/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProspective studies have shown differences in some disease risks between vegetarians and nonvegetarians, but the potential biological pathways are not well understood.

objectivesWe aimed to assess differences in concentrations of biomarkers related to disease pathways in people with varying degrees of animal foods exclusion.

methodsThe UK Biobank recruited 500,000 participants aged 40-69 y (54.4% women) throughout the United Kingdom in 2006-2010. Blood and urine were collected at recruitment and assayed for more than 30 biomarkers related to cardiovascular diseases, bone and joint health, cancer, diabetes, renal disease, and liver health. In cross-sectional analyses, we estimated adjusted geometric means of these biomarkers by 6 diet groups (regular meat eaters, low meat eaters, poultry eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians, vegans) in 466,058 white British participants and 2 diet groups (meat eaters, vegetarians) in 5535 British Indian participants.

resultsWe observed differences in the concentrations of most biomarkers, with many biomarkers showing a gradient effect from meat eaters to vegetarians/vegans. Of the largest differences, compared with white British regular meat eaters, white British vegans had lower C-reactive protein [adjusted geometric mean (95% CI): 1.13 (1.03, 1.25) compared with 1.43 (1.42, 1.43) mg/L], lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [3.13 (3.07, 3.20) compared with 3.65 (3.65, 3.65) mmol/L], lower vitamin D [34.4 (33.1, 35.9) compared with 44.5 (44.4, 44.5) nmol/L], lower serum urea [4.21 (4.11, 4.30) compared with 5.36 (5.36, 5.37) mmol/L], lower urinary creatinine [5440 (5120, 5770) compared with 7280 (7260, 7300) μmol/L], and lower γ-glutamyltransferase [23.5 (22.2, 24.8) compared with 29.6 (29.6, 29.7) U/L]. Patterns were mostly similar in British Indians, and results were consistent between women and men.

conclusionsThe observed differences in biomarker concentrations, including lower C-reactive protein, lower LDL cholesterol, lower vitamin D, lower creatinine, and lower γ-glutamyltransferase, in vegetarians and vegans may relate to differences in future disease risk.

Indexed as

Biological Specimen BanksDiet, VegetarianAdultAgedAnimalsBiomarkersCross-Sectional StudiesDietFemaleHumansMaleMeatMiddle AgedProspective StudiesUnited KingdomVegetariansBiomarkersbiomarkersglucosehormoneslipidsliverrenalUK Biobankvegansvegetariansvitamin D

Identifiers

PMID34132352
PMCPMC8485916
OpenAlexW3171186941

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.