SynthesisJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2021
Blood pressure variability and cognitive dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of Blood Pressure Parameters with Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Systematic Review of Reviews.American journal of hypertension · 2026Pooled it
- Blood pressure variability and cognitive dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Pooled it
- Allopurinol and blood pressure variability following ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: a secondary analysis of XILO-FIST.Journal of human hypertension · 2024Trial
- 24-Hour Blood Pressure Variability Via Ambulatory Monitoring and Risk for Probable Dementia in the SPRINT Trial.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Trial
- Blood Pressure Postural Changes Variability Is Associated With Lower Cognition: The S.AGES Cohort.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Utility of long-term systolic blood pressure variability for predicting the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2025Article
- Symptom clusters and resting cardiovascular autonomic measures in adolescents: From acute concussion to recovery.Physiological reports · 2024Article
- Long-Term Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Cognitive Decline Among Patients With Hypertension: A Pooled Analysis of 3 National Prospective Cohorts.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Cross-sectional associations between short and mid-term blood pressure variability, cognition, and vascular stiffness in older adults.Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2023Article
- Association between napping and 24-hour blood pressure variability among university students: A pilot study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- 2022 Guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology and the Taiwan Hypertension Society for the Management of Hypertension.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Reply.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Article
- Blood pressure variability and cognitive dysfunction: What is the cause and what is the consequence?Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Article
- Live long and PROSPERO: A comment on Chiu and coworkers.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
- Reply to "Letter to the Editor for the Review Paper: The association between blood pressure variability with dementia and cognitive function: A systematic review and meta-analysis".Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The variability of blood pressure (BPV) has been suggested as a clinical indicator for cognitive dysfunction, yet the results from clinical studies are variable. This study investigated the relationship between BPV and the risk of cognitive decline or dementia. Bibliographic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, were searched systematically for longitudinal cohort studies with BPV measurements and neuropsychological examinations or dementia diagnosis. A traditional meta-analysis with subgroup analysis, and a further dose-response meta-analysis were conducted. Twenty cohort studies with 7 924 168 persons were included in this review. The results showed that a higher systolic BPV (SBPV), when measured with the coefficient of variation (SBP-CV) or standard deviation (SBP-SD), was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia diagnosis but not incidence of cognitive decline on neuropsychological examinations. In subgroup analysis, the effect was more prominent when using BPV of shorter timeframes, during shorter follow-ups, or among the elderly aged more than 65 years. No dose-response relationship could be found. Our study suggested possible positive associations between SBPV and the risk of dementia. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.