ReviewJournal of gastroenterology2021
STING and liver disease.
Review in Journal of gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of cGAS-STING pathway in liver disease: the quest continues.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Interferon Regulatory Factors in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Cell-Type Programs, Danger Signaling, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- The Role of Kupffer Cells and Liver Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of β-sitosterol in methotrexate-induced liver injury: association with STING and ERK-1 pathways.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- STING activation in renal and prostatic inflammation: potential therapeutic targets and immune regulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The role of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in ferroptosis.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- The pivotal role of cytokines in liver disease pathogenesis and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Cocaine-derived hippuric acid activates mtDNA-STING signaling in alcoholic liver disease: Implications for alcohol and cocaine co-abuse.Cell biology and toxicology · 2024Article
- Review
- Update on the STING Signaling Pathway in Developing Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Review
- Comparative effects of 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine and 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine on mitochondrial damage and cGAS/STING-driven inflammation in liver of hypothyroid rats.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Competition for calnexin binding regulates secretion and turnover of misfolded GPI-anchored proteins.The Journal of cell biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Small-molecule chemical probes for the potential therapeutic targets in alcoholic liver diseases.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2023Review
- Activation of cDCs and iNKT cells contributes to triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity via STING signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress.Cell biology and toxicology · 2023Article
- TAK1 deficiency promotes liver injury and tumorigenesis via ferroptosis and macrophage cGAS-STING signalling.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023Article
- Expression of STING in Women with Morbid Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Activation of Kupffer cells in NAFLD and NASH: mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Unleashing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: factors, strategies, and ongoing trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Licorice extract inhibits the cGAS-STING pathway and protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STING (stimulator of interferon genes) also known as transmembrane protein 173 (TMEM173) is a cytoplasmic DNA sensor which can be activated by the upstream cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs). This activation produces cytokines such as interferons and pro-inflammatory factors via the downstream IRF3 and NF-κB pathways, triggering an innate immune response and adaptive immunity to maintain homeostasis. STING is mainly expressed and activated in non-parenchymal cells, thus exerting a corresponding effect to maintain the homeostasis of the liver. In viral hepatitis, interferons and pro-inflammatory factors produced after STING activation initiate the immune response to inhibit virus replication and assembly. In the case of metabolic diseases of the liver, the activation of STING in kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells leads to inflammation, the proliferation of connective tissue, and metabolic disorders in the hepatocytes, promoting the occurrence and development of the disease. In hepatocellular carcinoma, STING has two contradictory roles. When STING is activated in dendritic cells and macrophages, a large number of cytokines can be produced to initiate innate immune effects directly and to exert adaptive immunity through the recruitment and activation of T cells; however, aberrant activation of the STING pathway leads to a weakening of immune function and promotes oncogenesis and metastasis. Here, we summarize the interactions between STING and liver disease that have currently been identified and how to achieve therapeutic goals by modulating the activity of the STING pathway.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.