SynthesisPloS one2021
The protective association between statins use and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Severe COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Therapeutics, and Prognostic Models From Nationwide Data.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Review
- Do Statins Affect Viral Infections Encountered by International Travelers?Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- Observational
- Cholesterol and Cholesterol-Lowering Medications in COVID-19-An Unresolved Matter.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Chemerin Levels in COVID-19 Are More Affected by Underlying Diseases than by the Virus Infection Itself.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Serum Adiponectin Predicts COVID-19 Severity.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Fluvastatin: A Choice for COVID-19-associated Mucormycosis Management.Current medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Article
- [Survival impact of previous statin therapy in patients hospitalized with COVID-19].Medicina clinica · 2023Article
- Survival impact of previous statin therapy in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.Medicina clinica (English ed.) · 2023Article
- Statin therapy may protect against acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized for interstitial SARS-CoV2 pneumonia.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2023Observational
- Potential role of geranylgeraniol in managing statin-associated muscle symptoms: a COVID-19 related perspective.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- A Retrospective Cohort Study Assessing the Impact of Statin Therapy on Hospital Length of Stay and Inpatient Mortality in COVID-19 Patients.HCA healthcare journal of medicine · 2023Article
- Comparison of drug prescribing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-national European study.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2022Article
- Statin Therapy to Improve Outcome of COVID-19 Patients: Useful or Not Useful?Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Association of COVID-19 With Major Arterial and Venous Thrombotic Diseases: A Population-Wide Cohort Study of 48 Million Adults in England and Wales.Circulation · 2022Article
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Statin Use and Mortality, Intensive Care Unit Admission and Requirement for Mechanical Ventilation in COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Protective effects of statins on COVID-19 risk, severity and fatal outcome: a nationwide Swedish cohort study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Cholesterol-lowering drugs for high-risk hypercholesterolemia patients with COVID-19 while on Paxlovid™ therapy.Future virology · 2022Review
- The importance of neopterin in COVID-19: The prognostic value and relation with the disease severity.Clinical biochemistry · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionStatins may reduce a cytokine storm, which has been hypothesized as a possible mechanism of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to report on adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients by statin usage.
methodsLiteratures were searched from January 2019 to December 2020 to identify studies that reported the association between statin usage and adverse outcomes, including mortality, ICU admissions, and mechanical ventilation. Studies were meta-analyzed for mortality by the subgroups of ICU status and statin usage before and after COVID-19 hospitalization. Studies reporting an odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were analyzed separately.
resultsThirteen cohorts, reporting on 110,078 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. Individuals who used statins before their COVID-19 hospitalization showed a similar risk of mortality, compared to those who did not use statins (HR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.50, 1.28; OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38, 1.03). Patients who were administered statins after their COVID-19 diagnosis were at a lower risk of mortality (HR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.61; OR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.75). The use of statins did not reduce the mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU (OR 0.65; 95% CI: 0.26, 1.64). Among non-ICU patients, statin users were at a lower risk of mortality relative to non-statin users (HR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.62; OR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.88).
conclusionPatients administered statins after COVID-19 diagnosis or non-ICU admitted patients were at lower risk of mortality relative to non-statin users.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.