ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Skeletal System Biology and Smoke Damage: From Basic Science to Medical Clinic.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- New bone formation of biphasic calcium phosphate bone substitute material: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).International journal of implant dentistry · 2025Pooled it
- A comprehensive meta-analysis of risk factors associated with osteosarcopenic obesity: a closer look at gender, lifestyle and comorbidities.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Periodontology: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Implications for Care.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Smoking shapes the relationship between metabolic biomarkers and femoral-neck bone mineral density: A stratified analysis by smoking status.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Smoked nicotine dependence elevates risk of nonunion and revision surgery following bimalleolar ankle fracture ORIF: a propensity‑matched 90‑day and 2‑year TriNetX analysis.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
- Article
- Modern Approaches and Emerging Biological Therapies to Treat Fracture Nonunion.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Review
- Treating musculoskeletal conditions with a bit of exercise and manual therapy: are you kidding me? It's time for us to evolve again.The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy · 2025Article
- Nonessential amino acid is not nonessential in geriatric patients: implications for maxillofacial wound healing and bone repair.Maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2025Review
- Prediction of abnormal bone mass with a pericoronary adipose tissue Attenuation model.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Functional Outcomes in Aseptic Humeral Shaft Nonunion Treated With Plate Osteosynthesis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2025Article
- The potential link between the development of Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Article
- Computed tomography provides a "one-stop-shop" targeted analysis for coronary artery calcification and osteoporosis: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Multicenter epidemiological distribution, pathogens, and drug-resistance characteristics of chronic osteomyelitis in Central China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Operative Management of Aseptic Humeral Shaft Nonunion: A Retrospective Study from Eastern India.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2024Article
- Impact of Particle Size and Sintering Temperature on Calcium Phosphate Gyroid Structure Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has a negative impact on the skeletal system, as it reduces bone mass and increases fracture risk through its direct or indirect effects on bone remodeling. Recent evidence demonstrates that smoking causes an imbalance in bone turnover, making bone vulnerable to osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Moreover, cigarette smoking is known to have deleterious effects on fracture healing, as a positive correlation between the daily number of cigarettes smoked and years of exposure has been shown, even though the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. It is also well known that smoking causes several medical/surgical complications responsible for longer hospital stays and a consequent increase in the consumption of resources. Smoking cessation is, therefore, highly advisable to prevent the onset of bone metabolic disease. However, even with cessation, some of the consequences appear to continue for decades afterwards. Based on this evidence, the aim of our review was to evaluate the impact of smoking on the skeletal system, especially on bone fractures, and to identify the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the impairment of fracture healing. Since smoking is a major public health concern, understanding the association between cigarette smoking and the occurrence of bone disease is necessary in order to identify potential new targets for intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.