ReviewFrontiers in immunology
Immune Dysregulation and the Increased Risk of Complications and Mortality Following Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults With Down Syndrome.
Review in Frontiers in immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- T-cell responses to primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in Down syndrome - From childhood to adulthood.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Observational
- Hematological Indices Abnormalities Among Sudanese Children With Down Syndrome.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Clinical considerations for immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency in Down syndrome.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Metabolomic Profiles in Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Convergent and Context-Dependent Patterns.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Disease burden of viral respiratory infections in people with intellectual disabilities: a scoping review.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- Immune Dysregulation in Down Syndrome: Implications for Infectious Susceptibility and Vaccine Response.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Review
- How I Treat: Immune dysregulation in Down syndrome.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Vaccination in individuals with Down syndrome: immune vulnerability, safety, efficacy and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in adults with Down syndrome - a prospective cohort study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Observational
- Cardiopulmonary and Immune Alterations in the Ts65Dn Mouse Model of Down Syndrome and Modulation by Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate-Enriched Green Tea Extract.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- An integrated multi-omic natural history study of human development, sexual dimorphism, and the effects of trisomy 21.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Dural ectopic lymphatic structures accumulate during aging and exhibit dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Copy number normalization distinguishes differential signals driven by copy number differences in ATAC-seq and ChIP-seq.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Imagine, Discover, Inspire: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society.Neuromolecular medicine · 2025Article
- Respiratory and airway disorders in children with Down Syndrome: a review of the clinical challenges and management.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Global, regional, and national impact of Down syndrome on child and adolescent mortality from 1980 to 2021, with projections to 2050: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Follow-up of a 10-year period (2010-2020) of Down syndrome in Brazil.Brazilian oral research · 2025Article
- The immunoreactive signature of monocyte-derived dendritic cells from patients with Down syndrome.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Neuropathological findings in Down syndrome, Alzheimer's disease and control patients with and without SARS-COV-2: preliminary findings.Acta neuropathologica · 2024Article
- Zinc metabolism and its role in immunity status in subjects with trisomy 21: chromosomal dosage effect.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 15 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The risk of severe outcomes following respiratory tract infections is significantly increased in individuals over 60 years, especially in those with chronic medical conditions, i.e., hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dementia, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer. Down Syndrome (DS), the most prevalent intellectual disability, is caused by trisomy-21 in ~1:750 live births worldwide. Over the past few decades, a substantial body of evidence has accumulated, pointing at the occurrence of alterations, impairments, and subsequently dysfunction of the various components of the immune system in individuals with DS. This associates with increased vulnerability to respiratory tract infections in this population, such as the influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), and bacterial pneumonias. To emphasize this link, here we comprehensively review the immunobiology of DS and its contribution to higher susceptibility to severe illness and mortality from respiratory tract infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.