ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2021
On the Genetic and Environmental Relationship Between Suicide Attempt and Death by Suicide.
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genetics and epigenetics of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: Systematic review of the suicide literature and methodological considerations.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Network analysis of the genetic relationships between twenty psychiatric and substance use disorders.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Leveraging Family Genetic Risk Scores to Understand the Etiology of Suicidal Behaviors and Their Associations With Psychiatric Disorders.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Lifetime substance use disorder and suicidal behaviour: a population-based familial co-aggregation register study.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Changing Landscape of Genetic Risk: Age-Related Effects of Polygenic Scores for Suicidal Behaviors.Research square · 2026Article
- Lithium for the prevention of suicide in US veterans: a target trial emulation.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- Suicidality phenotypes reflect both shared and distinct genetic factors.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The protective effect of pregnancy on risk for suicide attempt in a Swedish national cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Parental violent offending and offspring suicidal behavior: a nationwide register-based study.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Growth Trajectories of Suicide Ideation and Attempt in a Population-Based Cohort from the United States.Archives of suicide research : official journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research · 2026Article
- Sex differences in familial risk and genetic components of suicide attempts: a register-based cohort study in Sweden.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- Genetic influences on suicide attempt in adolescence: Evaluating mediation by impulsivity and painful and provocative events.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Characterizing the co-occurrence of alcohol experimentation and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in early adolescence.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- The association between the transition to parenthood and risk for nonfatal suicide attempt in a Swedish population-based sample.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Polygenic Risk, Trait Variables, and External Stressors in Fatal and Nonfatal Suicidal Behavior.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Mapping the genetic landscape of suicide risk: Insights from genomic SEM.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Exploring the neurobiological markers of suicidal behaviors in pediatric population: a narrative review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Defining suicidality phenotypes for genetic studies: perspectives of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Suicide Working Group.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Genetic Overlap Between DSM-IV Major Depressive Disorder and Suicidal Behaviors: Evidence from Polygenic Risk Scores in Young Adult Twins.Behavior genetics · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association studies identify 77 loci for suicidality and provide novel biological insights.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
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Abstract
objectiveThe authors examined the extent to which the genetic and environmental etiology of suicide attempt and suicide death is shared or unique.
methodsThe authors used Swedish national registry data for a large cohort of twins, full siblings, and half siblings (N=1,314,990) born between 1960 and 1990 and followed through 2015. They conducted twin-family modeling of suicide attempt and suicide death to estimate heritability for each outcome, along with genetic and environmental correlations between them. They further assessed the relationship between suicide attempt by young people compared with adults.
resultsIn bivariate models, suicide attempt and death were moderately heritable among both women (attempt: additive genetic variance component [A]=0.52, 95% CI=0.44, 0.56; death: A=0.45, 95% CI=0.39, 0.59) and men (attempt: A=0.41, 95% CI=0.38, 0.49; death: A=0.44, 95% CI=0.43, 0.44). The outcomes were substantially, but incompletely, genetically correlated (women: rA=0.67, 95% CI=0.55, 0.67; men: rA=0.74, 95% CI=0.63, 0.87). Environmental correlations were weaker (women: rE=0.36, 95% CI=0.29, 0.45; men: rE=0.21, 95% CI=0.19, 0.27). Heritability of suicide attempt was stronger among people ages 10-24 (A=0.55-0.62) than among those age 25 and older (A=0.36-0.38), and the genetic correlation between attempt during youth and during adulthood was stronger for women (rA=0.79, 95% CI=0.72, 0.79) than for men (rA=0.39, 95% CI=0.26, 0.47).
conclusionsThe genetic and environmental etiologies of suicide attempt and death are partially overlapping, exhibit modest sex differences, and shift across the life course. These differences must be considered when developing prevention efforts and risk prediction algorithms. Where feasible, suicide attempt and death should be considered separately rather than collapsed, including in the context of gene identification efforts.
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