Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34260650›Full record

Trial reportPloS one2021

Effects of water stably-enriched with oxygen as a novel method of tissue oxygenation on mitochondrial function, and as adjuvant therapy for type 2 diabetes in a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Joan Khoo, Christoph E Hagemeyer, Darren C Henstridge, Sumukh Kumble, Ting-Yi Wang, Rong Xu, Linsey Gani, Thomas King, Shui-Boon Soh, Troy Puar and 5 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05908968 (A Pilot Study to Assess the Effects of Oxygen-enriched Water), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05908968 nacompletednot on this map

A Pilot Study to Assess the Effects of Oxygen-enriched Water (ELO Water) on Wound Healing for Diabetic Foot Ulcers

TypeinterventionalSponsorChangi General HospitalRan2017 to 2021Enrolled16ConditionsFoot Ulcer, DiabeticArmsELO water
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Joan KhooDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-3343-4580
Christoph E HagemeyerNanoBiotechnology Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Darren C HenstridgeBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sumukh KumbleNanoBiotechnology Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Ting-Yi WangNanoBiotechnology Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Rong XuNanoBiotechnology Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Linsey GaniDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Thomas KingDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Shui-Boon SohDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Troy PuarDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Vanessa AuDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Eberta TanDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Tunn-Lin TayDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Carmen KamClinical Trials and Research Unit, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Eng-Kiong TeoDepartment of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Changi General Hospital · SGMonash University · AUUniversity of Tasmania · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes mellitus is associated with inadequate delivery of oxygen to tissues. Cellular hypoxia is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction which increases oxidative stress and hyperglycaemia. Hyperbaric oxygenation therapy, which was shown to improve insulin sensitivity, is impractical for regular use. We evaluated the effects of water which is stably-enriched with oxygen (ELO water) to increase arterial blood oxygen levels, on mitochondrial function in the presence of normal- or high-glucose environments, and as glucose-lowering therapy in humans.

methodsWe compared arterial blood oxygen levels in Sprague-Dawley rats after 7 days of ad libitum ELO or tap water consumption. Mitochondrial stress testing, and flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial mass and membrane potential, were performed on human HepG2 cells cultured in four Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium media, made with ELO water or regular (control) water, at normal (5.5 mM) or high (25 mM) glucose concentrations. We also randomized 150 adults with type 2 diabetes (mean age 53 years, glycated haemoglobin HbA1c 8.9% [74 mmol/mol], average duration of diabetes 12 years) to drink 1.5 litres daily of bottled ELO water or drinking water.

resultsELO water raised arterial oxygen tension pO2 significantly (335 ± 26 vs. 188 ± 18 mmHg, p = 0.006) compared with tap water. In cells cultured in control water, mitochondrial mass and membrane potential were both significantly lower at 25 mM glucose compared with 5.5 mM glucose; in contrast, mitochondrial mass and membrane potential did not differ significantly at normal or high glucose concentrations in cells cultured in ELO water. The high-glucose environment induced a greater mitochondrial proton leak in cells cultured in ELO water compared to cells cultured in control medium at similar glucose concentration. In type 2 diabetic adults, HbA1c decreased significantly (p = 0.002) by 0.3 ± 0.7% (4 ± 8 mmol/mol), with ELO water after 12 weeks of treatment but was unchanged with placebo.

conclusionsELO water raises arterial blood oxygen levels, appears to have a protective effect on hyperglycaemia-induced reduction in mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial dysfunction, and may be effective adjuvant therapy for type 2 diabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2MitochondriaOxygenRats, Sprague-DawleyAdultAgedAnimalsBlood GlucoseFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHep G2 CellsHumansMaleMembrane Potential, MitochondrialMiddle AgedRatsBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinOxygenWater

Identifiers

PMID34260650
PMCPMC8279347
OpenAlexW3181733952

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.