Evidence mapPaperPMID 34291584Full record

Observational studyJournal of diabetes investigation2022

Low fasting glucose-to-estimated average glucose ratio was associated with superior response to insulin degludec/aspart compared with basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Han Na Jang, Ye Seul Yang, Tae Jung Oh, Bo Kyung Koo, Seong Ok Lee, Kyong Soo Park, Hak Chul Jang, Hye Seung Jung

Open access · goldAbstract readEquivalence TrialObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Han Na JangDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6186-2937
Ye Seul YangDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Tae Jung OhDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Bo Kyung KooDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6489-2656
Seong Ok LeeDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Kyong Soo ParkDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Hak Chul JangDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-6536
Hye Seung JungDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-7049
Seoul National University Hospital · KRSeoul National University · KRSeoul National University Bundang Hospital · KR

Funding

Korean Diabetes Association 2019F-10Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea 2019R1A2C1007397
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

AIMS/

introductionThe benefits of once-daily insulin degludec/aspart (IDegAsp) compared with basal insulin in type 2 diabetes patients have not been established. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis was a retrospective observational study. From a basal insulin cohort from three referral hospitals, patients were enrolled who initiated once-daily IDegAsp. A control group maintaining basal insulin was selected by propensity score matching. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) changes over a period of 6 months and associated clinical factors were evaluated.

resultsThe IDegAsp group and the control group comprised of 87 patients, respectively. Baseline HbA1c was comparable between the two groups (8.7 ± 0.9 vs 8.6 ± 0.9%, mean and standard deviation). After 6 months with matched insulin doses, HbA1c in the IDegAsp group was lower than that in the control group (8.1 ± 1.0 vs 8.4 ± 1.1%, P = 0.029). Among baseline variables, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting C-peptide in the IDegAsp were lower than that in the control (FPG 124.2 ± 38.4 vs 148.0 ± 50.6 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Considering that the lower FPG despite the comparable HbA1c could be related with the efficacy of IDegAsp, subgroup analysis was carried out according to a ratio of FPG-to-estimated average glucose, which is calculated from HbA1c. When compared with each control group, the superiority of IDegAsp in the reduction of HbA1c was significant only in the patients with a lower FPG-to-estimated average glucose ratio (0.49 ± 0.09), but not in those with a higher FPG-to-estimated average glucose ratio (0.79 ± 0.20).

conclusionsWe observed that IDegAsp was more effective than basal insulin in patients with an FPG lower than predicted by HbA1c, which might be related with insulin deficiency and postprandial hyperglycemia in patients on basal insulin therapy.

Indexed as

AgedBlood GlucoseC-PeptideDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Drug CombinationsFastingFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHyperglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin, Long-ActingMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesBlood GlucoseC-PeptideDrug CombinationsGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic Agentsinsulin degludec, insulin aspart drug combinationInsulin, Long-ActingDiabetes mellitus, type 2Insulin degludec/insulin aspartPostprandial hyperglycemia

Identifiers

PMID34291584
PMCPMC8756314
OpenAlexW3185010522

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.