SynthesisActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2021
Increased C-reactive protein concentration and suicidal behavior in people with psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of racemic ketamine or esketamine monotherapy for reducing suicidal ideation in uni- or bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evidence for the biopsychosocial model of suicide: a review of whole person modeling studies using machine learning.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Increased C-reactive protein concentration and suicidal behavior in people with psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2021Pooled it
- Distinct effects of current suicidal symptoms and lifetime suicide attempts on C-reactive protein levels and executive function in young people with major affective disorders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Elevated serum calprotectin levels in major depressive disorder: no evidence of association with S100A9 rs3014866 polymorphism.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Distinct therapeutic profiles of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression: an exploratory analysis.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Elevated C-reactive protein is associated with suicide attempts in youth with bipolar disorder.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Biomarkers in Acute Suicidal Behaviors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation and treatment resistance in major depressive disorder.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Biomarkers Identifying Tendency to Suicide (BITS): detection of biomarkers in adolescents with suicidal ideation or suicidal behavior for early prevention or intervention. A prospective cohort study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Low-grade inflammatory parameters may be associated with recent suicide attempts - a naturalistic study among psychiatric inpatients with depressive disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Ceramides and neuroinflammation as immunometabolic drivers and biomarkers of major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, and suicidal vulnerability.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Impacts of early childhood caries on the mental development.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Neuroendocrine abnormalities as predictors of suicidal ideation in bipolar disorder patients during depressive episodes: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Toxoplasma gondii and suicidal behaviour: discovery, cross-diagnostic confirmation and pathway exploration.Folia parasitologica · 2025Article
- Inflammation and Cognition in Bipolar Disorder: Diverging Paths of Interleukin-6 and Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Advancing an Inflammatory Subtype of Major Depression.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Identification of Factors to Predict Transition to Schizophrenia in Subjects with Ultra-high Risk for Psychosis: A Protocol for a Multicenter, Longitudinal Study of Sleep Parameters and Cytokine Levels.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Associations between C-reactive protein and individual symptoms of depression in a lower-middle income country.BJPsych open · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveSuicide is a leading cause of death worldwide. Identifying factors associated with suicidality (suicidal ideation [SI]/suicidal behavior) could increase our understanding of the pathophysiological underpinnings of suicide and improve its prevention.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review (PubMed/PsycInfo/Cochrane databases, up to September 2020) and random-effect meta-analysis including observational studies comparing peripheral C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in suicidal versus non-suicidal patients affected by any psychiatric disorder and healthy controls (HC). Primary outcome was the CRP standardized mean difference (SMD) between patients with high suicidality versus those with absent or low suicidality. Secondary outcomes were SMD of CRP levels between those with suicide attempt versus no suicide attempt, as well as between those with (high) versus low or absent SI. Quality of included studies was measured with Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
resultsOut of initial 550 references, 21 observational studies involving 7682 subjects (7445 with mood disorders or first-episode psychosis, 237 HC) were included. A significant association of CRP levels with suicidality (SMD 0.688, 95% CI 0.476-0.9, p < 0.001) emerged. CRP levels were higher in individuals with high SI (SMD 1.145, 95% CI 0.273-2.018, p = 0.010) and in those with suicide attempt (SMD 0.549, 95%CI 0.363-0.735, p < 0.001) than non-suicidal individuals (either patients or HC). Main analyses were confirmed in sensitivity analysis (removing HC), and after adjusting for publication bias. The cross-sectional design of included studies, and the high heterogeneity of diagnosis and treatment limit the generalizability of these results. Median quality of included studies was high.
conclusionCRP is associated with higher suicidality in patients with mental disorders. Large cohort studies longitudinally monitoring CRP levels are needed to explore its longitudinal association with suicidality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.