ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2021
Exosomes Derived From M2 Macrophages Facilitate Osteogenesis and Reduce Adipogenesis of BMSCs.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research progress on the effects of macrophage‑derived exosomes on muscle factors IGF‑1 and FGF‑2 mediating musculoskeletal crosstalk molecular signaling pathway on bone metabolism (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The roles of the nerve-immune axis in modulating bone regeneration.Bone research · 2026Review
- Exosomes in Bone Generation and Repair: Focusing on Bone Microenvironmental Crosstalk and Engineering Biomaterial Designs.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- RANKL-convergent osteoimmune network framework in osteoporosis: integrating macrophage activation, T-cell imbalance, and cytokine crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- M2-exo promote orthodontic bone remodeling via the MeCP2-TCF20-HDAC1 axis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Nucleic acid aptamers in orthopedic diseases: promising therapeutic agents for bone disorders.Bone research · 2025Review
- Macrophages-derived small extracellular vesicles regulate chondrocyte proliferation and affect osteoarthritis progression via upregulating Osteopontin expression.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2025Article
- Exosomes and MicroRNAs: key modulators of macrophage polarization in sepsis pathophysiology.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Injectable Piezoelectric Hydrogel Promotes Tendon-Bone Healing via Reshaping the Electrophysiological Microenvironment and M2 Macrophage Polarization.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Gas-powered extracellular vesicles promote bone regeneration.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Immunometabolic reprogramming in diabetic osteomyelitis: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Functional roles of immune cells in osteoporosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Exosomal miR-24-3p mediates myoblast-macrophage crosstalk to promote abdominal muscle repair.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Research Advances and Application Progress on miRNAs in Exosomes Derived From M2 Macrophage for Tissue Injury Repairing.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Personalized bone organoid using iPSC-derived cells for clinically relevant applications.Research square · 2024Article
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Regeneration and Associated Bone Diseases.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- M2 macrophages secrete glutamate-containing extracellular vesicles to alleviate osteoporosis by reshaping osteoclast precursor fate.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Non-bone-derived exosomes: a new perspective on regulators of bone homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Osseointegration-Related Exosomes for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Implants.Biomaterials research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex process that requires the coordination of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. The balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) plays a major role in the process of bone formation. Recently, intercellular communication between bone cells and surrounding cells has been gradually recognized, and macrophages on the surface of bone have been proven to regulate bone metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Recent studies have indicated that exosomes are vital messengers for cell-cell communication in various biological processes. In this experiment, we found that exosomes derived from M2 macrophages (M2D-Exos) could inhibit adipogenesis and promote osteogenesis of BMSCs. M2D-Exo intervention increased the expression of miR-690, IRS-1, and TAZ in BMSCs. Additionally, miR-690 knockdown in M2 macrophages with a miR-690 inhibitor partially counteracted the effect of M2D-Exos on BMSC differentiation and the upregulation of IRS-1 and TAZ expression. Taken together, the results of our study indicate that exosomes isolated from M2 macrophages could facilitate osteogenesis and reduce adipogenesis through the miR-690/IRS-1/TAZ axis and might be a therapeutic tool for bone loss diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.