Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34299093›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

Autophagy and Tau Protein.

Tadanori Hamano, Soichi Enomoto, Norimichi Shirafuji, Masamichi Ikawa, Osamu Yamamura, Shu-Hui Yen, Yasunari Nakamoto

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed
9.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Targeting TMEM175 in Lysosomal Physiology and Human Diseases.Current stem cell research & therapy · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. The connection between autophagy and Alzheimer's disease.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Tadanori HamanoSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3492-9585
Soichi EnomotoSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
Norimichi ShirafujiSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
Masamichi IkawaSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-9785-0535
Osamu YamamuraSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
Shu-Hui YenMayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 3224, USA.
Yasunari NakamotoSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
University of Fukui · JPJacksonville College · US

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science No 19K07909Research grant from University of Fukui LSI20306
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurofibrillary tangles, which consist of highly phosphorylated tau protein, and senile plaques (SPs) are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In swollen axons, many autophagic vacuoles are observed around SP in the AD brain. This suggests that autophagy function is disturbed in AD. We used a neuronal cellular model of tauopathy (M1C cells), which harbors wild type tau (4R0N), to assess the effects of the lysosomotrophic agent NH4Cl, and autophagy inhibitors chloroquine and 3 methyladenine (3MA). It was found that chloroquine, NH4Cl and 3MA markedly increased tau accumulation. Thus, autophagy lysosomal system disturbances disturbed the degradation mechanisms of tau protein. Other studies also revealed that tau protein, including aggregated tau, is degraded via the autophagy lysosome system. Phosphorylated and C terminal truncated tau were also reported to disturb autophagy function. As a therapeutic strategy, autophagy upregulation was suggested. Thus far, as autophagy modulators, rapamycin, mTOCR1 inhibitor and its analogues, lithium, metformin, clonidine, curcumin, nicotinamide, bexaroten, and torehalose have been proposed. As a therapeutic strategy, autophagic modulation may be the next target of AD therapeutics.

Indexed as

AutophagyAlzheimer DiseaseAnimalsHumansTauopathiestau Proteinstau ProteinsAlzheimer’s diseaseamyloid β proteinautophagic vacuolesautophagymTORC1tau protein

Identifiers

PMID34299093
PMCPMC8303176
OpenAlexW3180940651

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.