Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34315463›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2021

Elevated plasma succinate levels are linked to higher cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults.

Francisco J Osuna-Prieto, Borja Martinez-Tellez, Lourdes Ortiz-Alvarez, Xinyu Di, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli, Huiwen Xu, Victoria Ceperuelo-Mallafré, Catalina Núñez-Roa, Isabelle Kohler, Antonio Segura-Carretero and 8 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. From Mechanisms to Diseases: The Succinate-GPR91 Axis in Cardiometabolic Diseases.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. The gut microbiome connects nutrition and human health.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Francisco J Osuna-Prieto *PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6546-9534
Borja Martinez-Tellez *PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8783-1859
Lourdes Ortiz-AlvarezPROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6827-2358
Xinyu DiDivision of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2785-9320
Lucas Jurado-FasoliPROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5254-1816
Huiwen XuPROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2308-7140
Victoria Ceperuelo-MallafréDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII-Institut d ́Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4460-9761
Catalina Núñez-RoaDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII-Institut d ́Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2764-5610
Isabelle KohlerDivision of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3629-1597
Antonio Segura-CarreteroDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5564-5338
José V García-LarioHospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.
Angel GilDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7663-0939
Concepción M AguileraDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1451-4788
Jose M Llamas-ElviraNuclear Medicine Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (Ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4661-5030
Patrick C N RensenDivision of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-8455-4988
Joan VendrellDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII-Institut d ́Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6994-6115
Jonatan R Ruiz *PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. ruizj@ugr.es.ORCID 0000-0002-7548-7138
Sonia Fernández-Veledo *Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII-Institut d ́Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain. sonia.fernandezveledo@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-2906-3788
Universidad de Granada · ESInstituto de Salud Carlos III · ESInstituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada · ESCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas · ESLeiden University · NLLeiden University Medical Center · NLVrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSuccinate is produced by both host and microbiota, with a key role in the interplay of immunity and metabolism and an emerging role as a biomarker for inflammatory and metabolic disorders in middle-aged adults. The relationship between plasma succinate levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in young adults is unknown.

methodsCross-sectional study in 100 (65% women) individuals aged 18-25 years from the ACTIvating Brown Adipose Tissue through Exercise (ACTIBATE) study cohort. CVD risk factors, body composition, dietary intake, basal metabolic rate, and cardiorespiratory fitness were assessed by routine methods. Plasma succinate was measured with an enzyme-based assay. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) was evaluated by positron emission tomography, and circulating oxylipins were assessed by targeted metabolomics. Fecal microbiota composition was analyzed in a sub-sample.

resultsIndividuals with higher succinate levels had higher levels of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass (+ 42.5%), triglycerides (+ 63.9%), C-reactive protein (+ 124.2%), diastolic blood pressure (+ 5.5%), and pro-inflammatory omega-6 oxylipins than individuals with lower succinate levels. Succinate levels were also higher in metabolically unhealthy individuals than in healthy overweight/obese peers. Succinate levels were not associated with BAT volume or activity or with fecal microbiota composition and diversity.

conclusionsPlasma succinate levels are linked to a specific pro-inflammatory omega-6 signature pattern and higher VAT levels, and seem to reflect the cardiovascular status of young adults.

Indexed as

AdiposityAdolescentAdultAge FactorsBiomarkersBlood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesC-Reactive ProteinCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansInflammation MediatorsIntra-Abdominal FatMaleBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinInflammation MediatorsOxylipinsSuccinic AcidTriglyceridesInflammationObesityOxylipinsSuccinateVisceral adiposity

Identifiers

PMID34315463
PMCPMC8314524
OpenAlexW3184537525

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.