ReviewJournal of immunology research2021
Crosstalk between Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Tumor Growth and Immunosuppression of Breast Cancer.
Review in Journal of immunology research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- LncRNA NEAT1 promotes immunosuppression in gastric cancer under endoplasmic reticulum stress by maintaining the MMolecular cancer · 2026Article
- The intratumoral microbiome: a review of the tumor microenvironment's fourth axis shaping anti-tumor immunity, cancer prognosis, and therapeutic response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dual Targeting of FAP-Directed Nanoparticles and FRα-Specific CAR-T Cells Induces Additive Anti-Tumor Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Healthy BRCA1/2 mutation carriers exhibit a pre-CAF signature and altered epithelial marker expression in breast tissue.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Study of Chromobox Protein Homolog 4 in 3D Organoid Models of Colon Cancer as a Potential Predictive Marker.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Expression pattern, immune signature, and prognostic value of RBM10 in human cancers.Histology and histopathology · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between bone metastatic cancer cells and sensory nerves in bone metastatic progression.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- Enhancing AI Research for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Datasets.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2024Review
- NK cell based immunotherapy against oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Advancing precision cancer immunotherapy drug development, administration, and response prediction with AI-enabled Raman spectroscopy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures: The Bridge between In Vitro and In Vivo Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- The Great Immune Escape: Understanding the Divergent Immune Response in Breast Cancer Subtypes.Cancer discovery · 2023Review
- The importance of cancer-associated fibroblasts in targeted therapies and drug resistance in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- PLEKHA4 is a novel prognostic biomarker that reshapes the tumor microenvironment in lower-grade glioma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Circulating tumor biomarkers in early-stage breast cancer: characteristics, detection, and clinical developments.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Targeting the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in breast cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Inflammation: A New Look at an Old Problem.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Modulation of the antitumor immune response by cancer-associated fibroblasts: mechanisms and targeting strategies to hamper their immunosuppressive functions.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2022Review
- Increased Expression of INHBA Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis and High Immune Infiltrating Level in Breast Cancer.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Signals from the tumor microenvironment (TME) have a profound influence on the maintenance and progression of cancers. Chronic inflammation and the infiltration of immune cells in breast cancer (BC) have been strongly associated with early carcinogenic events and a switch to a more immunosuppressive response. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal component and can modulate tumor progression according to their secretomes. The immune cells including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), and helper T cell (Th)), monocyte-infiltrating cells (MICs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), mast cells (MCs), and natural killer cells (NKs) play an important part in the immunological balance, fluctuating TME between protumoral and antitumoral responses. In this review article, we have summarized the impact of these immunological players together with CAF secreted substances in driving BC progression. We explain the crosstalk of CAFs and tumor-infiltrating immune cells suppressing antitumor response in BC, proposing these cellular entities as predictive markers of poor prognosis. CAF-tumor-infiltrating immune cell interaction is suggested as an alternative therapeutic strategy to regulate the immunosuppressive microenvironment in BC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.