ArticleThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2022
The economic burden of obesity in Italy: a cost-of-illness study.
Article in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05394779 (Evaluation of Performance and Safety of DTXO App, an Innovative Digital Therapy, in Improving Weight Loss and Weight-Loss Maintenance of Patients With Obesity by Increasing Their Adherence to Dietary, Exercise Regimens and Psycho-Behavioral Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Performance and Safety of DTXO App, an Innovative Digital Therapy, in Improving Weight Loss and Weight-Loss Maintenance of Patients With Obesity by Increasing Their Adherence to Dietary, Exercise Regimens and Psycho-Behavioral Program
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Citrus bergamia Supplementation on Body Composition in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
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- The economic burden of ischaemic heart diseases on health systems: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Future burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to overweight in Chile: a multistate life table modeling study.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- The future costs of cancer attributable to excess body weight in Brazil, 2030-2040.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Modeling Heterogeneity in Health Risk Behaviors With a Dynamic Mixture Model Informed by Textual Occupational Data.Statistics in medicine · 2026Article
- Estimation of direct and indirect costs associated with obesity treatment interventions among adult populations in Iran.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Robotic gastric bypass in a primary care hospital: initial experience and outcomes from 60 consecutive Italian adults.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Observational
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- Effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in overweight and obese patients with atrial fibrillation: Insight from the nationwide START registry.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Semaglutide 2.4 mg for Obese Patients with MASH: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis from the Italian NHS Perspective.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2026Article
- The overweight and obesity landscape in italy: data from the Italy cohort of the multi-country IMPACT-O study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Article
- Obesity, Knowledge, and Perceived Risk: Insights from the ObeCare Project Across Italian Territorial Pharmacies.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Economic impact of steroid-induced comorbidities in severe asthma: a SHARP CRC simulation.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Environmental and lifestyle factors and risk of thyroid carcinoma: a cross-sectional study.Endocrine · 2025Article
- The burden of obesity in primary care in Italy: Italian real-world overweight/obesity study (ITROS).Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2025Observational
- Exploring the role of obesity in predicting mental health disorders: analyzing the effects of diagnosis sequence order.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Economic Burden of Obesity in Iran University of Medical Sciences: A Cost Analysis Using the Cost of Illness Framework.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Obesity in Italy: An Empirical Analysis of Healthcare Consumption, Quality of Life and Comorbidities.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundObesity is a complex health disorder that significantly increases the risk of several chronic diseases, and it has been associated with a 5-20-year decrease in life expectancy. The prevalence of obesity is increasing steadily worldwide and Italy follows this trend with an increase of almost 30% in the adult obese population in the last 3 decades. Previous studies estimated that 2-4% of the total health expenditure in Europe is attributed to obesity and it is projected to double by 2050. Currently, there is a lack of sufficient knowledge on the burden of obesity in Italy and most relevant estimates are derived from international studies. The aim of this study is to estimate the direct and indirect costs of obesity in Italy, taking 2020 as the reference year.
methodsBased on data collected from the literature, a quantitative cost-of-illness (COI) study was performed from a societal perspective focussing on the adult obese population (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m
resultsThe study indicated that the total costs attributable to obesity in Italy amounted to €13.34 billion in 2020 (95% credible interval: €8.99 billion < µ < €17.80 billion). Direct costs were €7.89 billion, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) having the highest impact on costs (€6.66 billion), followed by diabetes (€0.65 billion), cancer (€0.33 billion), and bariatric surgery (€0.24 billion). Indirect costs amounted to €5.45 billion, with almost equal contribution of absenteeism (€2.62 billion) and presenteeism (€2.83 billion).
conclusionsObesity is associated with high direct and indirect costs, and cost-effective prevention programmes are deemed fundamental to contain this public health threat in Italy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.