SynthesisJournal of diabetes investigation2022
Corneal confocal microscopy for the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Corneal Confocal Microscopy to Diagnose Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Corneal confocal microscopy for the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison of intraepidermal nerve fiber density and confocal corneal microscopy for neuropathy.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Trial
- Bridging gaps in diabetic neuropathy care: A Delphi-based regional consensus from the Gulf Cooperation Council.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and the Ocular Surface: A Narrative Review of Restoration, Remodeling, and Clinical Implications.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Anatomy-guided weakly supervised learning framework for corneal nerve image denoising and enhancement.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Periodontal Inflammatory Burden and Multi-Organ Microvascular Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Association of corneal nerve parameters with nerve abnormalities and neuropathic pain in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: the Maastricht Study.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Peripheral Neuropathy: A Phenotype-Driven Review for Diagnosis and Management.Revista de neurologia · 2026Review
- Deep Learning-Assisted Differentiation of Four Peripheral Neuropathies Using Corneal Confocal Microscopy.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Review
- Corneal Confocal Microscopy as a Non-Invasive Marker of Small Fiber Neuropathy and Systemic Complications in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Biomolecules · 2026Observational
- Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Children and Adolescents - Prevalence, Diagnostic Methods and Risk FactorsJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2026Review
- Targeting Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Neuropathy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Emerging Technologies in Corneal Nerve Evaluation for Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Impact of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy on Corneal Sensitivity and Ocular Surface.Ophthalmic research · 2026Observational
- Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Current Epidemiology, Diagnostic Advances, Biomarkers, and Management Strategies.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Review
- Diabetic dry eye: advances in pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: New Diagnostics and Treatment Perspectives.Drugs & aging · 2026Review
- Methods for the evaluation of corneal nerve fibres in diabetes mellitus by in vivo confocal microscopy: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionCorneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a rapid non-invasive ophthalmic imaging technique that identifies corneal nerve fiber damage. Small studies suggest that CCM could be used to assess patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).
aimTo undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the diagnostic utility of CCM for sub-clinical DPN (DPN DATA SOURCES: Databases (PubMed, Embase, Central, ProQuest) were searched for studies using CCM in patients with diabetes up to April 2020. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they reported on at least one CCM parameter in patients with diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION: Corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD), corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), and inferior whorl length (IWL) were compared between patients with diabetes with and without DPN and controls. Meta-analysis was undertaken using RevMan V.5.3. DATA SYNTHESIS: Thirty-eight studies including ~4,000 participants were included in this meta-analysis. There were significant reductions in CNFD, CNBD, CNFL, and IWL in DPN
conclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis shows that CCM detects small nerve fiber loss in subclinical and clinical DPN and concludes that CCM has good diagnostic utility in DPN.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.