ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Albumin Nanoparticle Formulation for Heart-Targeted Drug Delivery: In Vivo Assessment of Congestive Heart Failure.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanoparticle-Based Therapies for Myocardial Injury and Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Translational Appraisal of Preclinical Evidence.Biomolecules · 2026Pooled it
- Nature-Inspired Alternatives to PEG for Next-Generation Long-Circulating Nanocarriers.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Nanomedicine for Cardiac Repair in Heart Failure: From Targeted Delivery to Regenerative Modulation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Advances in nanostructured drug delivery systems for cardiovascular therapeutics.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Methods for Heart-Specific Distribution in Cardiovascular Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Dendritic amphiphilic siRNA: Selective albumin binding,Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Nanomedicine strategies for central nervous system (CNS) diseases.Frontiers in biomaterials science · 2023Article
- Advanced Drug Delivery Micro- and Nanosystems for Cardiovascular Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Nanoparticles Targeting the Molecular Pathways of Heart Remodeling and Regeneration.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Synthesis and characterization of peptide conjugated human serum albumin nanoparticles for targeted cardiac uptake and drug delivery.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Congestive heart failure is a fatal cardiovascular disease resulting in tissue necrosis and loss of cardiac contractile function. Inotropic drugs such as milrinone are commonly used to improve the myocardial contractility and heart function. However, milrinone is associated with severe side effects and lower circulation time. In this article, a novel protein nanoparticle formulation for heart-targeted delivery of milrinone has been designed and tested. The formulation was prepared using albumin protein conjugated with the targeting ligand, angiotensin II peptide to form nanoparticles following the ethanol desolvation method. The formulation was characterized for size, charge, and morphology and tested in a rat model of congestive heart failure to study pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and efficacy. The overall cardiac output parameters were evaluated comparing the formulation with the control non-targeted drug, milrinone lactate. This formulation exhibited improved pharmacokinetics with a mean retention time of 123.7 min, half-life of 101.3 min, and clearance rate of 0.24 L/(kg*h). The targeted formulation also significantly improved ejection fraction and fractional shortening parameters thus improving cardiac function. This study demonstrates a new approach in delivering inotropic drugs such as milrinone for superior treatment of congestive heart failure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.