ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Favorable Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist against Pancreatic β-Cell Glucose Toxicity and the Development of Arteriosclerosis: "The Earlier, the Better" in Therapy with Incretin-Based Medicine.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Suboptimal therapeutic responses associated with semaglutide in type 2 diabetes and obesity: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Sex-Specific and Reproductive Status-Dependent Effects of Liraglutide on Metabolic Disorders Associated with Prediabetes.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Clinical Impact of Semaglutide Beyond Glycemic Control: A Critical Analysis of Oncogenic Potential and Mitigation of Cardiotoxicity.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Plant- and Microalgae-Based Biotechnological Strategies for Affordable and Non-Invasive Delivery of Antidiabetic Peptides.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Pros and Cons of Early Treatment with GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT-2 Inhibitors for Youth with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Review
- Dulaglutide as a Bridging Therapy Before Insulin for Diabetes Following Pancreatectomy on Congenital Hyperinsulinism.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Pharmacogenomics of Tirzepatide: Genomic Insights into Dual GIP/GLP-1 Agonist Response in Type 2 Diabetes and Atherosclerosis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Emerging Frontiers in GLP-1 Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Evidence Base (2025).Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Lead to Gastrointestinal Benefits in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Multiorgan Imaging for Interorgan Crosstalk in Cardiometabolic Diseases.Circulation research · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic progress in atherosclerosis: bridging immune inflammation and precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Multi-phases of islet beta-cell function change in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its influencing factors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists in Cardio-Oncology: Pathophysiology of Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Cancer Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Various Intermittent Fasting Regimens in Alleviating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Exploring a Synergistic Approach: Dual GLP-1 Agonist Combined with Degludec Basal Insulin for Early Type 1 Diabetes Treatment and its Impact on Albumin-Insulin Producing Cells Expression.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2024Article
- Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and myocardial metabolism in atrial fibrillation.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: new strategies and therapeutic targets to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- The Role of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in the Evaluation of Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Cureus · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fundamental pancreatic β-cell function is to produce and secrete insulin in response to blood glucose levels. However, when β-cells are chronically exposed to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin biosynthesis and secretion are decreased together with reduced expression of insulin transcription factors. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plays a crucial role in pancreatic β-cells; GLP-1 binds to the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the β-cell membrane and thereby enhances insulin secretion, suppresses apoptotic cell death and increase proliferation of β-cells. However, GLP-1R expression in β-cells is reduced under diabetic conditions and thus the GLP-1R activator (GLP-1RA) shows more favorable effects on β-cells at an early stage of T2DM compared to an advanced stage. On the other hand, it has been drawing much attention to the idea that GLP-1 signaling is important in arterial cells; GLP-1 increases nitric oxide, which leads to facilitation of vascular relaxation and suppression of arteriosclerosis. However, GLP-1R expression in arterial cells is also reduced under diabetic conditions and thus GLP-1RA shows more protective effects on arteriosclerosis at an early stage of T2DM. Furthermore, it has been reported recently that administration of GLP-1RA leads to the reduction of cardiovascular events in various large-scale clinical trials. Therefore, we think that it would be better to start GLP-1RA at an early stage of T2DM for the prevention of arteriosclerosis and protection of β-cells against glucose toxicity in routine medical care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.