ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2021
Quantification of protein cargo loading into engineered extracellular vesicles at single-vesicle and single-molecule resolution.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- The mechano-immune-vesicle regulatory circuit: a systems framework for bone homeostasis and regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles for next-gen therapeutics and drug delivery.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Non-Viral Vectors for Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery: From Lipid Nanoparticles to Engineered Extracellular Vesicles.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Tools in Canine Mammary Tumors: Potential Applications and Perspectives.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles: Navigating new frontiers in glioblastoma therapy.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in solid tumors: from tumor ecology to engineered therapeutics.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Endogenous Engineering Reprograms Extracellular Vesicles for Enhanced Therapeutic Function.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Engineered extracellular vesicles for combinatorial cancer therapy and imaging.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles: Revolutionizing targeted therapy for ischemic stroke.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Cholesteryl esters and high protein-to-lipid ratios distinguish non-vesicular extracellular particles from extracellular vesicles.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle engineering using a small scaffold protein.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Coincident Fluorescence-Burst Analysis of Actin Cargo Molecules in Secreted Single Diffusing Extracellular Vesicles From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Unraveling the Heterogeneity of Cargo Distribution in the Exogenous Association of Proteins With Extracellular Vesicles.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Bioengineering of extracellular vesicles with scaffold proteins for drug delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial DNA mutations and intercellular mitochondrial transfer in cancer: mechanisms, biological effects, and clinical potential.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- HBEGF/EGFR pathway activation by hUC-MSCs improves cognitive outcomes in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Large extracellular vesicles and blebbisomes in cancer: emerging and translational opportunities highlights.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Normalization strategies for protein quantification in plasma astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles: a clinical applicability study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Non-invasive urine-based detection of PSMA-positive exosomes using a dual-aptamer electrochemical aptasensor for prostate cancer diagnosis.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Article
- iPSC-derived CAR-NK extracellular vesicles for non-small cell lung cancer: evidence, engineering, and translational barriers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) have been intensively explored for therapeutic delivery of proteins. However, methods to quantify cargo proteins loaded into engineered EVs are lacking. Here, we describe a workflow for EV analysis at the single-vesicle and single-molecule level to accurately quantify the efficiency of different EV-sorting proteins in promoting cargo loading into EVs. Expi293F cells were engineered to express EV-sorting proteins fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). High levels of GFP loading into secreted EVs was confirmed by Western blotting for specific EV-sorting domains, but quantitative single-vesicle analysis by Nanoflow cytometry detected GFP in less than half of the particles analysed, reflecting EV heterogeneity. Anti-tetraspanin EV immunostaining in ExoView confirmed a heterogeneous GFP distribution in distinct subpopulations of CD63
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.