Evidence mapPaperPMID 34397387Full record

SynthesisJournal of medical Internet research2021

Measurement Properties of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Diabetes: Systematic Review.

Priscilla Jia Ling Wee, Yu Heng Kwan, Dionne Hui Fang Loh, Jie Kie Phang, Troy H Puar, Truls Østbye, Julian Thumboo, Sungwon Yoon, Lian Leng Low

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of medical Internet research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. A repository of Singapore validated PROMS: a scoping review.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. The Patient Reported Inventory of Self-Management of Chronic Conditions (PRISM-CC): testing for bias across patient characteristics and languages.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026
    Article
  11. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Priscilla Jia Ling Wee *Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-3182-9770
Yu Heng Kwan *Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-7802-9696
Dionne Hui Fang LohSingHealth Office of Regional Health, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-6781-5680
Jie Kie PhangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-1357-8568
Troy H PuarDepartment of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-8047-5836
Truls ØstbyeProgramme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-0662-7440
Julian ThumbooProgramme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-6712-5535
Sungwon YoonProgramme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-9458-6097
Lian Leng LowSingHealth Office of Regional Health, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-4228-2862
Duke-NUS Medical School · SGNational University of Singapore · SGSingHealth · SGChangi General Hospital · SGSingapore General Hospital · SG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe management of diabetes is complex. There is growing recognition of the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) as a standardized method of obtaining an outlook on patients' functional status and well-being. However, no systematic reviews have summarized the studies that investigate the measurement properties of diabetes PROMs.

objectiveOur aims were to conduct a systematic review of studies investigating the measurement properties of diabetes PROMs by evaluating the methodological quality and overall level of evidence of these PROMs and to categorize them based on the outcome measures assessed.

methodsThis study was guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Relevant articles were retrieved from the Embase, PubMed, and PsychINFO databases. The PROMs were evaluated with the COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments) guidelines.

resultsA total of 363 articles evaluating the measurement properties of PROMs for diabetes in the adult population were identified, of which 238 unique PROMs from 248 studies reported in 209 articles were validated in the type 2 diabetes population. PROMs with at least a moderate level of evidence for ≥5 of 9 measurement properties include the Chinese version of the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (C-PDQ), Diabetes Self-Management Instrument Short Form (DSMI-20), and Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale in Hong Kong primary care patients (C-ITAS-HK), of which the C-PDQ has a "sufficient (+)" rating for >4 measurement properties. A total of 43 PROMs meet the COSMIN guidelines for recommendation for use.

conclusionsThis study identified and synthesized evidence for the measurement properties of 238 unique PROMs for patients with type 2 diabetes and categorized the PROMs according to their outcome measures. These findings may assist clinicians and researchers in selecting appropriate high-quality PROMs for clinical practice and research.

trial registrationPROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020180978; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020180978.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdultConsensusHumansPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresQuality of LifeSurveys and Questionnairesdiabeteslevel of evidencemeasurement propertiesmethodological qualitypatient reported outcomepatient-reported outcome measuresPROMssystematic review

Identifiers

PMID34397387
PMCPMC8398743
OpenAlexW3193368646

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.