ReviewBMJ open diabetes research & care2021
100 years on: the impact of the discovery of insulin on clinical outcomes.
Review in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Skin-related adverse events and their associated factors among Diabetic patients on insulin therapy.PloS one · 2026Article
- The Urgent Need for Breakthrough Therapies and a World Without Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Review
- Safety Profiles Related to Dosing Errors of Rapid-Acting Insulin Analogs: A Comparative Analysis Using the EudraVigilance Database.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Counseling for Insulin Icodec: A Proposed Practitioner's Guide.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Article
- Electrophilic Agonists Modulate the Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-1 Channels Mediated by Insulin and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Secretion for Glucose Homeostasis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Insulin Icodec Weekly: A Basal Insulin Analogue for Type 2 Diabetes.TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2023Article
- A centennial review of discoveries and advances in diabetes: Children and youth.Pediatric diabetes · 2022Article
- CELEBRATING 100 YEARS OF INSULIN USE.Acta clinica Croatica · 2022Review
- Risk Factors of Microvascular Complications Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Using Cox Proportional Hazards Models: A Cohort Study in Tabuk Saudi Arabia.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Throughout history, up to the early part of the 20th century, diabetes has been a devastating disorder, particularly when diagnosed in childhood when it was usually fatal. Consequently, the successful pancreatic extraction of insulin in 1921 was a miraculous, life-changing advance. In this review, the truly transformative effect that insulin has had on the lives of people with type 1 diabetes and on those with type 2 diabetes who are also dependent on insulin is described, from the time of its first successful use to the present day. We have highlighted in turn how each of the many facets of improvements over the last century, from advancements in the properties of insulin and its formulations to the evolution of different methods of delivery, have led to continued improvement in clinical outcomes, through the use of illustrative stories from history and from our own clinical experiences. This review concludes with a brief look at the current challenges and where the next century of technological innovation in insulin therapy may take us.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.