ReviewJAAD international2020
Hidradenitis suppurativa is an autoinflammatory keratinization disease: A review of the clinical, histologic, and molecular evidence.
Review in JAAD international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Tunnels: A Systematic Review.International journal of dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- Identification of Biomarkers and Critical Evaluation of Biomarker Validation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review.JAMA dermatology · 2022Pooled it
- A phenotype-to-mechanism framework links phenome-wide comorbidity architecture to molecular mechanisms and therapeutic discovery in complex diseases.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Hair follicle stem cell fate supports distinct clinical endotypes in hidradenitis suppurativa.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Article
- Editorial: Mechanistic, machine learning and hybrid models of the 'other' endocrine regulatory systems in health and disease, volume II.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Hidradenitis Suppurativa Tunnels: Unveiling a Unique Disease Entity.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
- The association of hidradenitis suppurativa with cigarette smoking and cannabis use: a cross-sectional study in the All of Us Research Program.Clinical and experimental dermatology · 2025Article
- The Role of Sex in Body Composition Differences in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Insights from Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Type 1 Diabetes/Hidradenitis Suppurativa Comorbidity-A Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Endotyping Insulin-Glucose Homeostasis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus and Inflammation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A link between smoking behaviors and the risk of hidradenitis suppurativa in diabetic patients.PloS one · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Catalog of Variants Potentially Associated with Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Including Newly Identified Variants from a Cohort of 100 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Gram-negative anaerobes elicit a robust keratinocytes immune response with potential insights into HS pathogenesis.Experimental dermatology · 2024Article
- Topical and Systemic Retinoids in the Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2024Review
- Diseases categorized as autoinflammatory keratinization diseases (AiKDs), and their pathologies and treatments.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2024Review
- Successful treatment of ulceration in hidradenitis suppurativa with topical bucladesine: A case report.Skin health and disease · 2024Article
- Biologic drugs in hidradenitis suppurativa: what does the GP have to know? A narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Metformin: A Potential Treatment for Acne, Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Rosacea.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2023Review
- Primary Thyroid Dysfunction Is Prevalent in Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Marked by a Signature of Hypothyroid Graves' Disease: A Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Autoinflammatory Keratinization Diseases-The Concept, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Implications.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathogenic model of hidradenitis suppurativa is in the midst of a paradigm shift away from a disorder of primary follicular occlusion to an autoinflammatory keratinization disease. Observational, experimental, and therapeutic evidence supports the concept of hidradenitis suppurativa as a primarily inflammatory disorder, a disorder of autoimmunity, or both, in contrast to the current prevailing paradigm of primary follicular occlusion. The lack of reliable and high-fidelity disease models has limited the available experimental and mechanistic evidence to support or refute one pathogenic model over another. This scholarly review synthesizes the existing clinical, histologic, and molecular data to evaluate the extant evidence supporting the autoinflammatory paradigm and further informing the molecular mechanisms of hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis. Follicular hyperkeratosis/occlusion and perifollicular inflammation coexist in histologic specimens, with interleukin 1α demonstrated to stimulate comedogenesis in the infundibulum. pH elevation in occluded body sites alters the microbiome and amplifies existing T-helper cell type 17 immunoresponses. Known metabolic comorbidities and smoking are known to upregulate interleukin 1α in follicular keratinocytes. Identified genetic variants may alter epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, leading to upregulated keratinocyte inflammatory responses. The process of follicular rupture and dermal tunnel formation can be explained as secondary responses to inflammatory activation of fibroblasts and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, with antibody production associated with inflammatory amplification in advanced disease. This review aims to reevaluate and integrate the current clinical, histologic, and molecular data into a pathogenic model of hidradenitis suppurativa. This is essential to advance our understanding of the disease and identify novel therapeutic targets and approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.