ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2022
Mendelian Randomization: Concepts and Scope.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 493 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
493 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Does illicit drug use increase stroke risk? A systematic review, meta-analyses, and Mendelian randomization analysis.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026Pooled it
- Lifecourse genome-wide association study meta-analysis refines the critical life stages for adiposity's influence on breast cancer risk.Science advances · 2026Pooled it
- A bibliometric and text-mining analysis of lipidomics and metabolomics in human disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of gut microbiome on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy-systematic literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Investigating the shared genetic information between serum concentration levels of liver enzymes and cholelithiasis.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Epigenome-wide DNA methylation association study of CHIP provides insight into perturbed gene regulation.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Cross-population proteome-wide mendelian randomization study identifies likely causal proteins for cardiovascular diseases.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Article
- Targeted HA@Que-Mn nanozymes alleviate postherpetic neuralgia by modulating neuroinflammation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Using Negative Control Outcomes to Detect Selection Bias in Mendelian Randomization Studies.Statistics in medicine · 2026Article
- Genetic evidence for causal link between systemic inflammation and dental caries risk: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Global research trends in gastroesophageal reflux disease and depression: A bibliometric analysis.Medicine · 2026Review
- Proton pump inhibitors use and the risk of osteoporosis and fractures: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Human genetics across levels of biological organization.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Integrative Analysis Coupled with In Vitro Validation RevealsInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Genoeconomics of Impulsive Intertemporal Choice: A Critical Review.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2026Review
- Causal effects of lifestyle and socioeconomic factors on diabetes and its complications and comorbidities: A Mendelian randomization study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- The Tumor Multi-Omic Landscape of Endometrial Cancers Developed on a Background of Adiposity.Genes · 2026Article
- A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study on gut microbiota, dental caries, and toothache.Medicine · 2026Article
433 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method of studying the causal effects of modifiable exposures (i.e., potential risk factors) on health, social, and economic outcomes using genetic variants associated with the specific exposures of interest. MR provides a more robust understanding of the influence of these exposures on outcomes because germline genetic variants are randomly inherited from parents to offspring and, as a result, should not be related to potential confounding factors that influence exposure-outcome associations. The genetic variant can therefore be used as a tool to link the proposed risk factor and outcome, and to estimate this effect with less confounding and bias than conventional epidemiological approaches. We describe the scope of MR, highlighting the range of applications being made possible as genetic data sets and resources become larger and more freely available. We outline the MR approach in detail, covering concepts, assumptions, and estimation methods. We cover some common misconceptions, provide strategies for overcoming violation of assumptions, and discuss future prospects for extending the clinical applicability, methodological innovations, robustness, and generalizability of MR findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.