ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Proanthocyanidins and Where to Find Them: A Meta-Analytic Approach to Investigate Their Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Distribution, and Effect on Human Health.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Compositional Analysis of Polymeric Proanthocyanidins fromFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Polyphenols in food and food wastes: Extraction, isolation, and health applications.Food chemistry. Molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Advanced biomechanics and stability of the resin-dentin complex via modular A- and B-type proanthocyanidins.Biomaterials · 2026Article
- Cranberry extract-supplemented microbiota effluents enhance intestinal barrier integrity via mucin production and antimicrobial activity in murine organoids.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Procyanidins: Structural Properties, Production Methods, and Modern Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Process-Based Design of Light Kombucha From Mulberry Coproducts: Effects of Agavins Degree of Polymerization on Physicochemical, Technofunctional, and Functional Potential.International journal of food science · 2026Article
- Traditional and Innovative Processing of Georgian Myrobalan Plum (Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Proanthocyanidin and mitoglitazone suppress lipogenesis by targeting ferroptosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Proanthocyanidins as Therapeutic Agents in Inflammation-Related Skin Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Screening of Mediterranean Plant-Derived Extracts for Antioxidant Effect in Cell-Free and Human Cell Line Models.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Carrier-Free Nanocapsule with Dual-Target Capacity for Synergistically Restoring Inflammatory Microenvironment and Microbiota Dysbiosis in Colitis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- From Desert Greening to Human Health: A Systematic Review of the Extraction, Unique Structure, and Bioactivity of Sea Buckthorn Proanthocyanidins.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Phytochemical and Antioxidant Profile of Pitaya (Hylocereus hybridum) Fruits: Elucidation Through Chemical Fractionation.Journal of food science · 2025Article
- Bioactive Properties and Phenolic Profile of Bioaccessible and Bioavailable Fractions of Red Radish Microgreens After In Vitro Digestion.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Chemical Composition Analysis of Sea Buckthorn (Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Proanthocyanidin-Conjugated NIR-ΙΙ Nano-Prodrugs for Reversing Drug Resistance in Photothermal Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-driven double modification of grapevine MLO6-7 imparts powdery mildew resistance, while editing of NPR3 augments powdery and downy mildew tolerance.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Flavonoids as Chemosensitizers in Leukemias.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Metabolic basis for superior antioxidant capacity of red-fleshed peaches.Food chemistry: X · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are a class of polyphenolic compounds that are attracting considerable interest in the nutraceutical field due to their potential health benefits. However, knowledge about the chemistry, biosynthesis, and distribution of PACs is limited. This review summarizes the main chemical characteristics and biosynthetic pathways and the main analytical methods aimed at their identification and quantification in raw plant matrices. Furthermore, meta-analytic approaches were used to identify the main plant sources in which PACs were contained and to investigate their potential effect on human health. In particular, a cluster analysis identified PACs in 35 different plant families and 60 different plant parts normally consumed in the human diet. On the other hand, a literature search, coupled with forest plot analyses, highlighted how PACs can be actively involved in both local and systemic effects. Finally, the potential mechanisms of action through which PACs may impact human health were investigated, focusing on their systemic hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects and their local anti-inflammatory actions on the intestinal epithelium. Overall, this review may be considered a complete report in which chemical, biosynthetic, ecological, and pharmacological aspects of PACs are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.