ReviewCells2021
May the Force Be with You (Or Not): The Immune System under Microgravity.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aging in Spaceflight, Oxidative Stress, and Microbiome Dysbiosis: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Long-term major histocompatibility complex class I suppression in astronauts and clinical implications.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Astroimmunology: the effects of spaceflight and its associated stressors on the immune system.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Neutral Buoyancy as a Simple Approach to Simulated Microgravity.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome- targeted intervention ameliorates structural and transcriptomic changes in the kidney of hindlimb unloaded mouse model.Animal microbiome · 2026Article
- The role and mechanism of ARRB1 in simulated space radiation and microgravity-induced lung carcinogenesis.NPJ microgravity · 2025Article
- Microgravity activates monocyte ERK1/2 signaling and modulates the response to lipopolysaccharide.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Mechanism of LEPR-mediated cholesterol metabolism involved in NK cell function suppression under simulated microgravity.NPJ microgravity · 2025Article
- Temporary effects of random positioning on the function and plasticity of proliferating monocytes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of simulated microgravity on biological features and virulence of the fungal pathogenApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Effects of Weightlessness on Molecular Changes in Cellular Organisms, Animals and Plants.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanism of Microgravity-Induced Intestinal Flora Dysbiosis on the Abnormalities of Liver and Brain Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Ginsenoside Reshapes Intestinal Microecology to Alleviate Microgravity Stress.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Editorial: Genes, cells, and macroenvironments: regulating the immune response in extreme conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Innovations in Space: Challenges and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceutical research · 2024Review
- Tug of war: Understanding the dynamic interplay of tumor biomechanical environment on dendritic cell function.Mechanobiology in medicine · 2024Review
- Spaceflight alters host-gut microbiota interactions.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- Influence of the spaceflight environment on macrophage lineages.NPJ microgravity · 2024Review
- Effect of 60 days of head down tilt bed rest on amplitude and phase of rhythms in physiology and sleep in men.NPJ microgravity · 2024Article
- Impact of modeled microgravity stress on innate immunity in a beneficial animal-microbe symbiosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
All terrestrial organisms have evolved and adapted to thrive under Earth's gravitational force. Due to the increase of crewed space flights in recent years, it is vital to understand how the lack of gravitational forces affects organisms. It is known that astronauts who have been exposed to microgravity suffer from an array of pathological conditions including an impaired immune system, which is one of the most negatively affected by microgravity. However, at the cellular level a gap in knowledge exists, limiting our ability to understand immune impairment in space. This review highlights the most significant work done over the past 10 years detailing the effects of microgravity on cellular aspects of the immune system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.